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rep. 1958), pp. 39-40. John D. Ward, "An Account of the Steamboat Controversy between Citizens of New York and Citizens of New Jersey, from 1811 to 1824" Proceedings o f the New Jersey Historical Society, 9 (1860-1864), no. 3, p. 122. Dod's engine used a wooden connecting rod as well as a wooden beam. 4. Letter of L.B. Ward, 26 Dec. 1889 with enclosures in Capt. James Van Cleve, "Reminiscences of the Early Period of Sailing Vessels and Steam Boats on Lake Ontario...", (Ms, City of Oswego Clerk's Office, [mfm, Kingston: Marine Museum of the Great Lakes]), inserted after p. 66. 5. Although it sailed much of the distance, the Savannah is unquestionab ly the first vessel equipped with steam engines to cross the Atlantic. "Dod", NACB, 24: 360. Ward probably also built engines for the Charlotte, while still in the U.S. See Lewis, "Frontenac", p. 36 and note 84; also Ward "An Account", p. 134. 6. David Whittet Thomson, "The Great Steamboat Monopolies, Part II: The Hudson" American Neptune 16 (Oct. 1956): 270-80. Ward, "An Account". 7. Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury transmitting, in obedience to a resolution of the House of the 29th of June last, information in relation to Steam Engines, &c., (Dec. 13, 1838), United States, 25th Cong., 3d. Sess., H. Doc. 21, pp. 100,404. See also Ward, "An account", 122,125,134. 8. NAC, MG24, D19, John D. to Silas Ward, 6 Aug. 1818. 9. Archives Nationales du Quebec-Montr)al (hereafter ANQ-M), Gref fes du Henry Griffin, no. 1916,7 July 1817. 10. National Archives of Canada, MG24, D19, Ward Family Papers, John D. to Silas Ward, 9 Aug. 1819. 11. George H. Wilson, "Application of Steam to St. Lawrence Valley Navigation, 1809-1840" (M.A. thesis, McGill University, 1961), p.78. There is some conflict in dates between Dorwin's reminiscences, quoted by Wilson, and the evidence in NAC, MG24, D19, John D. to Silas Ward, 9 Aug., 16 Sept. 1819. 12. Ibid., 3 Oct. 1819. ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 20032,23 Nov. 1832. 13. NAC, MG24, D19, John D. to Silas Ward, 4 Nov. 1819,14 Jan. 1820. 14. Ibid., 14 Jan. 1820. 15. See Gerald J.J. Tulchinsky, The River Barons: Montreal businessmen and the growth o f industry and transportation, 1837-53 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1977), pp. 214-5. 16. NAC, MG24, D19, John D. to Silas Ward, 24 Jan. 1821. Dod seems to have come for he would later serve as engineer on some of John Molson's steamers. 17. The contract was only worth £600 for the engines of the small steam boat, Perseverance, built in 1821 at Lachine to run between that port and the Cedars rapids. The control of this craft was in the hands of the Grants and William McMaster of Lachine. The firm that got the contract was Bennet, Briggs & Burt (only Bennet was a Scot). Nearly a year after founding their partnership, this was their first marine engine commission. For their troubles, the partners were "induced" to buy a £120 share in the little steamer, a sum which probably equalled all the profit they hoped to see from the contract. 18. Wilson, "Application", p. 78. Jean-Claude Robert, "Horatio Gates" in Dictionary o f Canadian Biography (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966-), 6: 277-80. (hereafter DCB) 19. Wm. Canniff, History ofthe Settlement o f Upper Canada (Ontario,) with Special Reference to the Bay Quinte (Toronto: Dudley & Burns, 1869), 604. In a previous article in Freshwater ("The Frontenac: A Reap praisal", v.2, n.l (summer 1987), 39, note 84 I questioned whether this could have been a Ward engine. However a biographical note attached to Ward "An Account" confirms that Dod sold engines to "boats at Kingston and Sackett's Harbor, on Lake Ontario" (p. 134). The Kingston sale could only have been the Charlotte. 20. NAC, MG24, D19, Agreement, 2 Feb. 1823. For other references to engine contracts see Walter Lewis "Fire on the Water: The First Generation of Marine Engines in Central Canadian Steamers, 18091837" (Paper presented to the meeting of the Canadian Historical Association, Windsor, June 1988). TABLE 1 Steamboat Engines supplied by the Eagle Foundry (1819-1854) Year________ h.p .__________________ First Steamboat 1819 Montreal 30 1821 De Salaberry 45 1822 Dalhousie (Prescott) c20 21. Birmingham Public Library, Boulton & Watt Collection, Engine Book 243,4 Mar. 1812, Engine Book 244,14 May 1817,16 Mar. 1820, Engine Book 258, 20 May 1816. My thanks to J. D. Warner-Davies, principal archivist at BPL. 22. The calculation of horse power that was used was that of Watt. (i.e. stroke x dia 2/60) John Guthrie, A History o f Marine Engineering (London: Hutchinson), p. 69. For application see ANQ-M, John-Beck Lindsay, #42, W. Annesley jr., S. Sewell and John Dod Ward, 13 May 1824. 23. Ibid., 9 May 1823, pp. 78-83, Agreement, 2 Feb. 1823. Wilson, "Applica tion", pp. 125-30. Merrill Denison, The Barley and the Stream: the Molson Story (Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1955). p. 92. 24. NAC, MG24, D19, John D. to Silas Ward, 9 Aug. 1819.History o f Morris County, N.J., (New York: W.W. Munsell & Co., 1882), p. 176. I am indebted to Gerald Tulchinsky and and Mr. Gary Maher for this reference. 25. Ibid., Dissolution of partnership, 23 Nov. 1832. The notarial copy of this agreement is ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 20032, 23 Nov. 1832. 26. Commercial Sketch o f Montreal and its superiority as a wholesale market, (Montreal: Chisholm & Dodd, 1868), p. 29. 27. Philip W. Coombe, "James P. Allaire: Marine Engine Builder," Steam boat Bill, 43 (1986): 265. 28. History o f Morris County, N.J., p. 176. 29. NAC, MG24, D19, Ward Family Papers, LB to John D. Ward, 1 July 1829. Montreal Gazette, 7 Nov. 1837. Not seen by this author was Columbia University, John D. Ward diaries, 5 Aug. 1827-11 Mar. 1830 which reportedly cover his research trip to England and the continent. 30. Ibid., Samuel S. to John D. Ward, 18 Feb. 1829. 31. Commercial Sketch o f Montreal, p. 28. 32. ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 25796, Agreement of Samuel Shipman Ward, Lebbeus Baldwin Ward and George Brush, 31 Dec. 1838. 33. NAC, MG24, D19, LB to John D. Ward, 1 Feb. 1829. 34. Tulchinsky, River Barons, pp. 110-11. R obert R. Brown, "The Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad" Bulletin o f the Railway and Locomotive Historical Society, (1936), pp. 20-21. (A special thanks to Larry McNally for this reference.) 35. ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 20032, 23 Nov. 1832. 36. "Stillman, Thomas Bliss" in Appleton' s Cyclopedia o f American Biog raphy (New York, 1888), 5: 690. 37. Fred Erving Dayton, Steamboat Days (New York: Tudor Publishing Company, 1939), p. 382. 38. ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 25796,31 Dec. 1838. "Ward, Lebbeus Baldwin", NCAB, 1:246. The Wards still maintained a membership in the partner ship in 1842. ANQ-M, Doucet, no. 28001, 31 Dec. 1842. Gerald J.J. Tulchinsky, "Brush, George" DCB, 11: 120-21. 39. Paul Craven and Tom Traves, "Canadian Railways as Manufacturers, 1850-1880" Canadian Historical Association Historical Papers (1983): 254-81. See especially Table 3. 40. Commercial Sketch o f Montreal, pp. 27-29. 41. Gerald J.J. Tulchinsky, "Brush, George" DCB, 11: 120-21. 42. For the concept of "Steam Revolution" see Michael Bliss, Northern Enterprise: Five Centuries o f Canadian Business, (Toronto: Mc Clelland and Stewart, 1987), especially chapter 7. 43. George Brush patented "An Improved Hydraulic Press" in 1861 (no. 1188), and George S. Brush patented "A Double Acting Steam Pump" in 1867 (no. 2332). List o f Canadian Patents, from the Beginning o f the Patent Office, June 1824 to the 31st o f August, 1872 (Ottawa: MacLean, Robert & Co., 1882). 44. Kenneth G. Lewis, "Early Steam-Engine Builders of York" and "The significance of the York Foundry & Steam-Engine Manufactory" (Mss., University of Toronto, D epartm ent of the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology, 1972). 45. Bruce A. Parker, "The Niagara Harbour and Dock Company" Ontario History, 72 (1980): 93-121. Later installations Lady Colborne - 32-