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of the engines for the vessels were built by the parent firm, Globe Iron Works. Around 1880, the Cleveland ship building community became interested in the idea of using iron for the building of bulk freighters. Coffinberry, seeing the advantages of using iron instead of wood, convinced his partners to pursue this innovation. Globe Ship Building Company was formed for this purpose. Land on the Old River Bed, at the foot of Taylor Street, was purchased and construction commenced. During this time, a stock company was formed by G. W. Jones, Isaac W. Nichols, John N. Glidden, Philip Minch, William J. Pringle and the Globe Ship Building Company. The purpose of the company was to advance the building of iron freighters. In April of 1882, the Onoko left the yard on the Old River Bed. She was the first iron-hulled freighter built in Cleveland for the iron ore trade. Globe Ship Building Company continued to launch iron-hulled vessels until 1886. Its last build was the steamer Spokane. She was to be built of iron, but when her owner, Captain Thomas Wilson, deduced that the difference in cost between iron and steel was a mere $10,000, she became the first steel-hulled ore freighter to sail the lakes. Pankhurst had a falling- out with the other owners in 1886 and Coffinberry, Wallace and Cowle tried to buy-out his interest. When the attempt failed, they sold their interests to Marcus and Howard Hanna of Cleveland. July, 1886 saw the reorganization of Globe Iron Works. Howard Hanna became President, Pankhurst, Vice President and Luther Allen became the company's Secretary and Treasurer. The firm reorganized with a capital of $500,000. At the same time, Globe Ship Building Dry Dock was absorbed and George Presley sold his interest to the new enterprise. Globe Iron Works then formed the Cleveland Dry Dock Company, as a subsidiary, to oversee the operations of the old Globe dry dock. The Cleveland Dry Dock Company launched six vessels - all of wooden construction. A third dry dock came into existence in the spring of 1888, with the establishment of The Ship Owners' Dry Dock Company. William H. Radcliffe was a strong proponent of the new dry dock. It was built on land that had been the site of the Radcliffe and Langell yard when it was organized in 1872. Radcliffe became the manager of the new enterprise. Following his death in 1893, George L. Quayle, son of famous shipbuilder, Thomas Quayle, took over his position. The owners of the new dry dock consisted of prominent vessel owners. The officers were Thomas Wilson, President, M. A. Bradley, Vice President; Harvey Goulder, Treasurer and Gustave Cold, Secretary. Many of the owners also had large holdings in another newly organized company; the Cleveland Ship Building Company. The new ship building company was organized by Henry Coffinberry, Robert Wallace, William Fitch and James C. Wallace. The firm purchased the site of the old Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Company and moved forward with the necessary improvements and construction. Globe Iron Works faced considerable competition with the close ties between the Ship Owners' Dry Dock and the Cleveland Ship Building Company. 161