Maritime History of the Great Lakes

Telescope, v. 2, n. 9 (September 1953), p. 4

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Harrison, a staff member of the Windsor Star, vice-president. Another of the club's activities is operation of a diving school which is held a- board the Treasure Unlimited, with twenty students enrolled. Two former navy divers, both Detroiters, instruct they are Avery M. Hampton, a General Motors employee; and Jack McKeever, a professional diver. Classroom work has included the use of special underwater welding and cutting equip­ ment, since these skills are essential in ship salvaging, and some of the students are scheduled to join their diver-instructors in actual salvage work during the treasure hunt. One member of the club is a licensed ship's captain, Michael C. Pruss, of Detroit, whose experience includes raising sunken barges on Lake Michigan and erecting coffer dams. Besides being captain of the ship, he will be salvage master. Great Lakes salvage is easiest in the shallow waters of Lake Erie, which averages only ninety feet in depth, and it is here that the summer's work will begin. With a wealth of hulks to work on, the treasure hunters have selected four upon which to focus initial efforts. The first will be the Armiedia, sunk after World War I with 2000 tons of hard coal aboard. This wreck is reported to be standing upright on the sandy bottom east of Pelee Island, just north of the Ohio boundary. For this job, salvagers expect to bring up the coal with a suction pipe. No attempt will be made to raise the wreck itself. Next on the list is the Cleveco, sunk in 1942. This coat, an oil liner, went down in Ohio waters a few hours out of Cleveland en route to Detroit. The ship has been located in sixty feet of water, lying upside down. It is planned to pump the oil into another tanker and meanwhile to force air into the Cleveco's tanks. The expedi­ tion leaders believe the boat may thus be raised and towed ashore. Third on the list is the Dean Richmond, a 1400-ton vessel which disappeared in a severe storm between Dunkirk and Erie, Penn., in 1893, exact location of which has not as yet been definitely established. The cargo was $50,000 worth of zinc and $141,000 in bullion. The fourth salvage Job will be the steamer Lexington, sunk in 1846 on a run from Cleveland to Port Huron, She lies near the mouth of the Detroit river, and within her should be found $300,000 in bullion and 110 barrels of whiskey. The Lexington is by no means the only vessel whose cargo included whiskey. The number of barrels of the potent beverage lying on the lake bottom runs into the thousands. Some authorities believe that the swelling of the staves on the wooden barrels will have prevented the passage of water in, or of alcohol out, through all the long years of immersion. Pointing to this possibility, also to the cool and even temperature of the lake bottom, and finally to the known beneficial effects of aging, these commentators say that the whiskey will still be a "fittin' drink" with which to treat a cold on a winter's day. Chemists of Wayne University, in Detroit, are not so sure. They point out that wooden staves, even when treated, are somewhat permeable. The longer the immersion, the more water may have passed through. And this water may have caused the whiskey to become diluted, or the barrels to burst or rot, they declare. Still other authorities think that even if the barrels did not burst, rot, or admit lake water, the delicate balance of ingredients that give whiskey its flavor will have been disturbed, so that the beverage will be relatively tasteless or otherwise unfit for use. No one knows the true worth of the treasure that went down with the more than 6700 ships which are known to have sunk in the Great Lakes. But it is estimated that the value is over $20,000,000. A small part of this in bullion, but there were many valu­ able cargoes of copper, zinc , iron ore and coal. Likewise, no one knows the value of Michigan's or Ohio's land treasurers. Re­ treating soldiers have, in the past, buried gold, intending to recover it later, crim­ inals have hidden their loot, and in some cases law-abiding civilians have secreted money on their property and died without revealing its location to others. Considerably more information is available about Michigan land treasure's value and location than there is about Ohio's. The big difficulty is to sort out the facts from the folklore and fiction.

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