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MARINE REVIEW. Vou. VITI. A View of the Depressed Freight Market. For seven years, since 1886, when the construction of steel freight vessels was actively begun in different parts of the lakes vessel owners have been favored with a constant demand for tonnage at profitable rates, and at no time during this long period of prosperity, excepting for two or three months in the early part of 1891, has there been any decided reaction from excessive production of tonnage in the ship yards, although it has been shown, Of numerous occasions, that the fleet of freight vessels has more than trebled itself within these few years. There has not been up to this time a single instance of the wages 'i | l Ni i MUU it | CLEVELAND, O., ann CHICAGO, ILL., JULY 13, 1893. i ez IND: "2: Engines of a First-Class British Cruiser, The engraving on this page represents engines of the first- class twin-screw cruiser Gibraltar of the British navy. The engines are of the triple compound inverted vertical type. 'The high pressure cylinder is in each engine 4o inches in diameter, the intermediate 59 inches and the low pressure 88 inches, the stroke in each case being 61 inches. The high pressure cylin- ders have piston valves, while the intermediate and low pressure cylinders have slide valves. The cylinders are supported from the cast steel bed plate by wrought iron columns, while to insure the necessary stiffness, diagonal stays have been fitted both : Hg I | ' , Se : b. =] 3 3 kee = a -- oe ps _ ee Lug | 'al il ENGINES OF THE FIRST-CLASS BRITISH CRUISER GIBERALTAR. of employes being reduced after they were established in the spring, but the exigencies of the present situation will result in more careful and economical methods among managers, if it does not, in fact, upon a continuance of present conditions, cause a great deal of floating property to be laid up. 'The hope that the money disturbance is still at the bottom of the present depression is, however, a great incentive to keeping vessels in commission, and there is also encouragement in the large amount of business being done, notwithstanding the low freight rates. Among the iron ore dealers, who have lived up to heavy freight contracts made in the spring, there has been an increase in the number of wild charters made during the past few days, but the rates are, of course, very much below the profit basis and are accepted only with a view to bridging over a waiting period. longitudinally and transversely. The open design permits of ready access to all working parts, and as the air pumps are sus- pended from the low pressure cylinders and worked off the low pressure pistons, there is no appearance of overcrowding about the starting platforms. The air pumps are single acting, the cylinders being 24 inches in diameter and 51 inches stroke. Steel has been largely used in construction. The connecting rods are 8 feet centers, while the piston rods are 81 inchesin diameter. The crank and propeller shafts are of forged steel and hollow, the external diameter being 1534 inches, and the internal diameter 81%4 inches. The propellers are16 feet diameter, and the mean The propellers are entirely of gun metal, pitch 23 feet 3 inches. The engraving and description are each having three blades. from Engineering of London.