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8 . MARINE REVIEW. DUNCAN FRASER, MARINE ENGINEER. Formerly with Northern Steamship Co., but recently appointed chief engineer of the Rockefeller fleet of new freight steamers. McDougall's Boat of the Future.--Chicago Enterprise. In a letter tothe Association for the Improvement of Chicago River, Capt. Alex. McDougall of whaleback fame says: "I am of opinion that the very large ship which to-day has the pres- tige in sentiment, will not be the economic vessel of the future for lake trade. Personally, I feel confident that a vessel of the size of the new Canadian canals, and built on modern ideas, will be the profitable lake vessel of the future; but the great fleet of large ships already built and now under construction must be taken care of, and I hope your efforts will result in making a better channel in that great thoroughfare, Chi- cago river." The amount of enthusiasm that can be stirred up in Chicago when the people of that city become thoroughly interested in any subject per- taining to its welfare is wonderful. Representatives of the big railway corporations, managers of the grain elevators, and in fact everybody having any interest in river property has joined in the movement for improving Chicago river since Major Marshall, the United States en- gineer, suggested that the government abandon the old harbor and direct its attention to improving the Calumet. Among the representatives of big interests who have been aroused by Major Marshall's recommend- ation may be mentioned Marvin Hughitt, president of the Chicago & Northwestern Railway; W. G. Purdy, vice president of the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific; C. H. Chappel, vice-president of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul; John F. Tracy of the Deering Harvester Works, and many others. A letter from Mr. Tracy to the association is a sample of the strong argument that is being presented to the government by these influential gentlemen on the scheme of dredging the river to 16 feet draft at present and adopting a plan whereby 20 feet can be obtained in the future. Mr. Tracy says: "T presume that we are to regard the improvement of the river abso- lutely as a business proposition, and regard the river simply as an avenue of commerce, and as such the Chicago river is second to none in the world. We are safe to assume that we pay, either directly or indirectly, nearly 5 per cent. of the gross revenues of the United States government, and aside from the commercial interests, as a tax-paying community alone, we are entitled to a respectful hearing before the river and harbor committee of congress. For this community of two millions of people the Chicago river is the chief and cheapest avenue of commerce. When I tell you what bearing the Chicago river has on our factories I presume it will be a revelation to you. According to the census of 1890 there were nearly 10,000 factories in the city of Chicago. Why are they here? There is no fuel for them here. There are no raw materials for them here? Why are they here? Simply because of the excellent transportation facilities this city affords, and you know that outside cities have been en- deavoring to entice them away by free sites and free texes, but in spite of all these transactions in the decade from 1580 to 1890 the manufacturing interests in the city of Chicago increased 320 per cent., while the popula- tion increased but 118 per cent. And I think I am safein estimating that in the last six years the same ratio kept up, and if so we now have 15,000 _ | --_ factories, and my friend, Mr. Rising, tells me his solicitor, the Solicito, of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, says they haye oh the list 5,000 factories for this line of railway alone. And do you ky ae tha these factories, if this same ratio kept up, have an investment in thes plants of $600,000,000. If they have incréased in the last six yea they have before, they would reach the annual output ofa billion 9 lars, and wouldemploy about 400,000 men. Why are these factories Because of the excellent transportation facilities of this city, Wh these facilities here? It has been the fact that every line of trang tion in this city has one of its principal terminals here, and toa gen | extent the river brought them here, and Chicago has become the Breates, center in the world for the exchange of freights between carriers We have leaving this city and arriving here nearly 500 freight trains daily and 10,000 ships a year, and that means a facility for practically reaching almost every principal town of the American continent, and give them es i opportunity to deliver their merchandise. That is the reason that the factories are here. Where are the factories? Around the terminals of these railroads and on the river. What does it mean to remove our river commerce twelve miles distant? It means that that which has chiefly brought these 15,000 manufacturing institutions is sacrificed, and they are depreciated in value, if not utterly ruined." Ts "BS f do}. here) at-put ; Ports. Appointments of Masters and Engineers, McLaren & Sprague, Toledo, O.: Steamer--S. C. Baldwin, Capt. J, Madigan, Engineer Joseph Hall. Schooners--A. A. Carpenter, Capt, Walter Fullman; Myron Butman, Capt. Oliver Lavoe Sinclair, Alex R., Duluth, Minn: Steamer--S. Langell, Capt. David Carrier, Engineer Anthony Reni. Schooner--Arenac, Capt. D. Manuel, Hurley, J. & T., Detroit. Steamer--Majestic, Capt. H. J. Hagan, Ep. gineer Charles H. Burke. : Capt. Wm. Ames, last season in the Lake Superior Iron Co's steame Andaste has been promoted to command of the steamer La Salle of the same line, succeeding Capt. Henry Stone who goes into one of the North. ern Line passenger ships. The vacancy in the Lake Superior line isto be filled by Capt. Detlef, last season in the steamer Nahant. Conlon, J. & T., Thorold, Ont.: Steamer--Erie, Capt. P. Sullivan, Engineer Wm. McMaugh. Schooners--Danforth, Capt. McClory ; Maggie, Capt. Boutell & Smith, Bay City, Mich.: Tugs--Traveler, Capt. Al Forest, Engineer Roy Simpkins; Boscobel, Capt. Frank Elliott, Engineer Jay Hart; Niagara, Capt. Claud Brown, Engineer Walter McCrea; Sweep- stakes, Capt. George Phelps, Engineer Gus Gartung; Winslow, Capt. Dan McCarty, Engineer Leon Seleno; Ella M. Smith, Capt. Riley Burrington; Engineer Jacob Oscar; Charles O. Smith, Capt. Abel Vozine; Robert Em- mett, Capt. Dave Elliott, Engineer Mike Mclaren; R. W. Weideman, Capt. Eugene Keeler, Engineer John Fetig; Lulu Eddy, Engineer Joseph Grandmaison; E. M. Pierce, Capt. Edward Short, Engineer William Truscott. McLean & Bridges, Bay City, Mich.: Steamers--Maine, Capt. Geo. W. Case, Engineer James Wellman; A. A. Turner, Capt. W. H. Scott, Engineer George Hopkins. Myles, Thomas Sons, Hamilton, Ont.: Steamer--Myles, Capt. Geo. Mackey, Engineer James Smeaton] i Ralph, P. J. & Co., Detroit: Steamers---S. J. Macy, Capt. M. W. Got- ham, Engineer W. F. Gregory. Schooner--Mabel Wilson, Capt. Jas. E. Gotham. Association of Masters and Pilots. B. F. Perkins of Camden, N. J., representing the American Associa- tion of Masters and Pilots of Steam Vessels, is at the Wedell House, Cleveland. Mr. Perkins' office in this organization is that of grand cap- tain's clerk, and his entire time is devoted to the organization. The local branches of the organization, which is very strong on the coast are _ called harbors. Mr. Perkins established a harbor of 100 members in Buffalo. A large portion of the Buffalo members are pilots, or mates they are called on the lakes, but some of them are captains. If it wert not for the strength of the Ship Master's Association on the lakes, it 18 quite probable that captains generally would be favorably disposed 10. membershipin the American Association of Masters and Pilots, eo its aims are about the same as those of the shipmasters, and its national character is something of an advantage. The organization has amet bership of something more than 4,000 throughout the country. A D# tional body, made up of representatives from the various harbors, meets in Washington annually and deals with legislative matters affecting the interests of masters and pilots of steam vessels. An assessment life sa surance of 25 cents per capita is now compulsory with all members JO ing the organization. Mr. Perkins is well versed in all matters pertainine to the association, and he hopes to establish harbors at various ports 0 the lakes other than Chicago and Saugatuck, where local branches, have: been in operation for some time past. %