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14 7 MARINE REVIEW. Chicago Drainage Canal. The whole volume of spoil (earth and rock) inyolved in the dig- ging 4 of the Chicago drainage canal, if deposited in Lake Michigan in 40 feet of water, would make aa ead one mile square with its sur- face 8 feet above the water line. The total amount of excavation in- volved in the construction of the main channel is 26,261,815 cubic yards of glacial drift and 12,006,984 cubic yards of solid rock, or an aggregate of 38,268,799 cubic yards, to which must be added the material excavated from the river diversion--glacial drift, 1,806,074 cubie yards; solid rock, 258,669 cubic yards; total river diversion, 2,064,743; grand total river diversion and main channel, 40,333,542 cubic yards. All of this work is now under contract and in addition thereto 384,958 cubic yards of retaining wall. The rock when broken up expands about 80 per cent. and therefore the volume of the rock spoil bank will be nearly 22,078,000 cubic yards. Up to May 1, 1896, 21,654,0¢4 cubic yards of glacial drift and 11,112,191 cubic yards of solid rock had been excavated, a total of 32,- 766,255 cubic yards, or 81.2 per cent. of the entire excavation; also 111,539 cubic yards of masonry laid in cement. There has been ex- pended on the work up to May 1, 1896, for right-of-way $2,483,244.07 and for construction $13,543,473.08, a total of $16,026,717.15. This amount, together with the cost of administration, payment of bonds, interest etc., brings the total expenditure to May 1, 1896, to about $21,936,000. The estimated cost of all work under contract is $21,849,- 055.59, of which $19,242, 827.67 is on construction account and $2,606, - 227.92 right-of-way account. The original contracts called for com- pletion April 30, 1896. Extensions were granted to Dec. 1 of this year but some sections of the main channel will not be completed even at that time. The sanitary district has already issued $12,800,000 of ponds, all payable in currency, $8,000,000 being 5 per cent. bonds and $4,800,000 being 44 per cent. bonds, running from one year to twenty years; one-twentieth of the issue must be paid off and retired each yaer, and $950,000 has already been retired, leaving $11,850,000 now outstanding. These bonds have been sold at an average premium of about 1 1-10 per cent. The taxes afford a revenue sufficient to pay off and retire one-twentieth of the issue each year, and leave a surplus to apply upon the current obligations incurred for construction. In General, A 550-foot dry dock at the Erie basin, New York witha big Hamburg-American line steamer in it, cattlen two feet. recently, from causes that have not, been aerlecied: The dock gates creaked and groaned but did not give way. The dock was not materially injured, The so-called roller steamer, which has attracted a great deal of: attention in France and England, and which was illustrated and de- scribed in the Review of May 28, 1896, was launched at St. Denis, | France, a few days ago, The vessel will traverse the Seine, cross the English channel and go to London. e Capt. C. W. McKay, son of the celebrated ship builder Donald ~ McKay, and himself a designer and builder of-many swift fore-and- aft vessels, has rediscovered the original British yacht. He Says: |, "Phineas Pett, who invented the frigate, as is recorded on his. tomb, © also built the first yacht, as we now undertand the term. Whena young man, Pett made a voyage to the Levant. He was two years knocking about the Mediterranean and adjoining seas, during which time he industriousy studied the war craft built by the Genoese and - Venetians, who, at that time, were the greatest and most skilful ship. builders in the world. On his return to England he was made assist- ant master shipwright at Chatham, and in 1603 he was commissioned to build a yacht for the young Prince of Wales, Henry, to disport himself in about London bridge. This little vessel was carved, gilded, _and painted to the highest degree. She was 28 feet long and 12 feet wide."--Maritime Register. gobs The Blue Book of American Shipping answers questions that arise daily in every vessel agent or owner's office. If the book is not satis- factory it costs nothing, as the $5.00 will be returned. Order at once,.. - No. 409 Perry-Payne building, Cleveland. An excursion is to be run via the Nickel Plate road to. Toronto, Niagara» Falls and~Thousand Islands. Two special trains will ieave 'Cleveland Sept..7, at 5:30 a.m, and 9:30 p.m. Toronto, $4.50; Niag- ara Falls, 83. 205 'and Thousand Islands, $9.00. Beers desis early, 306 Sep 6 Air is Cheap--Cheaper than Dirt! a Six Boilers with Howden Hot Draft appliances now in Side-Weeel Steamer City of Buffalo. Dimensions of each boiler--12 ft. 6 in. diameter by 12 ft. length. and provisions are already low. furnace without. a hot blast. FUEL IS DEAR=VERY DEAR! "USE AIR AND SAVE FUEL! | eae in operating expenses on Lake Ships must come from reduced coal bills. No great saving can be made in labor cost, But fuel bills can be lowered and cheap coal used to advantage by adopting Modern Methods of pe : steam at low cost. * No manufacturer of pig iron would to-day think of running his Competition would not permit it. This same competition demands advanced practice in the operation of ships. The same principle is applied in the HOWDEN HOT DRAFT Now in use on Lake Steamers aggregating over 40,000 Horse Power. CAN BE APPLIED TO OLD SHIPS AS WELL AS NEW ONES. No complicated machinery. Cool engine rooms and cool fire holds. Estimates readily furnished for application of this draft to any steamer. Dry Dock ENGINE WoRKS, DETROIT, MICH..