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14 MARINE REVIEW. Lights, Buoys, Obstructions, Etc. | - Buoys of the tenth light-house district will be taken up and re- fees with winter buoys on or about the following dates: Those at Dunkirk, about Noy. 10; at Erie, including gas buoy, Nov. 18; Sandusky and island buoys, Noy. 20; Maumee bay, including gas buoy, Nov. 22; Detroitriver, Dec. 1. The light-vessels at Ballard reef, Lime-Kiln crossing and Bar point will be left in position as late as circumstances will permit, probably between Dec. 5 and 10. The position of the latter vessel will be marked by a black buoy. Waverly shoal buoy and the buoys in Niagara river will be kept in position as late as the season will allow. Iron buoys in the ninth light-house district will be taken up for the winter and replaced by spar buoys similarly painted, as follows: Green Bay city to DePere, Wis., Noy. 15; Sturgeon Bay, Wis., Nov. 20; Green bay, Wisconsin and Michigan, Nov. 21 and 22; channels between Lake Michigan and Green bay, Wisconsin and Michigan, Nov. 23; Fox island shoal , Michigan, Nov. 24; Mackinac straits (west of Old Mackinac light-station), and channels north and east of Beaver island group, Michigan, Nov. 25 and 26; off Sheboy- gan, Wis., Nov. 27; off Milwaukee and Racine, Wis., Nov. 28; off Chicago, Ill., Nov. 30. 5 ' The new Canadian gas buoys in Pelee passage, Lake Erie, will be removed onor about Noy. 20, or earlier if ice threatens. This is done _ partly on account of insufficient arrangements as yet for recharging these buoys and also on account of their value and difficulty in hand- ling them. Captains now have courses pretty well defined for this vicinity and it is hoped that the early removal of the nikon will not be much of a disadvantage to them. Capt. Charles Christy of the steamer China adds another note of commendation to many similar expressions from vessel masters on account of the gas buoys in Pelee passage. He says the buoys are cer- tainly the best of the late aids to navigation. The lights can be seen fully seven miles in clear weather and they give navigators confidence in entering the passage when lights on the point or island can not be seen in thick or smoky weather. Another dangerous shoal spot has been found by the Menominee line steamer Saxon. The Saxon was drawing only 16 feet when she struck, a few days ago, about a mile and a half below Detroit river light directly on the course to Colchester. The captain of the Saxon says that two steamers, one on either side of him, were passing up when he struck. The Cambria, another of the steel vessels, fetched up in about the same place a year ago. About Nov. 16, the fixed red lantern light, shown from the outer end of the elevated conduit on the north pier at the entrance to St. Joseph harbor, Lake Michigan, will be discoatinued, and on the same date the tower from which the fifth-order fixed red light is shown at this station will be moved about 290 feet nearer the outer end of the pier and the light reestablished therein as heretofore. About Nov. 4, the tower from which the fixed red light on she outer end of the old east pier, Cleveland hardor, is shown will be moved to the new east pier. The tower will stand 31 feet from the outer end of the new pier and 121 feet nearer the shore than formerly. ; Pine River Winter Moorings. Editor Marine Review:--Replying to the inquiries of 8. E. H. in your number of Oct. 29, in reference to the width of the draw of Front street bridge, I can inform the gentleman that I have measured the same, and find 50 feet in the clear. I can also state that the river above the bridge for over three-quarters of a mile has been dredged 100 feet in width and the banks are almost perpendicular, which is a great advantage to a ship during the ebb and flow of the spring water and sunken ice. . G. H. Couvrette. , St. Clair, Mich., Nov. 3, 1896. The total valuation of 15,957,614 long tons of iron ore produced in the United States in 1895, as reported by the varions mines to the United States Geological Survey, was $18,219,684, giving an average value at the mine of $1.14. Michigan's prodinel was valued at $8,403, 958, Minnesota's at $2,803,452, and Wisconsin's at $633,165, or a total valuation at mines of 811,840,575 for ore produced in the Tee Super- ior region. Up to 1885 a list of twenty mines would have included all mines in the country which had in any one year reached or approxi- mated an output of 100,000 tons, while in 1895 forty-four mines ex- ceeded this amount, and of these forty-four all but seven were in the Lake Superior region. Air sehen n Dirt! FUEL IS DEAR= VERY DEAR! "USE AIR AND SAVE FUEL! Six Boilers with Howden Hot Draft appliances now in Side-Weeel Steamer City of Buffalo. Dimensions of each boiler--12 ft. 6 in. diameter by 12 ft. length. HOWDEN hee in operating : expenses on Lake Ships must come from reduced coal bills. No great saving can be made in labor cost, and provisions are already low. But fuel bills can be lowered and cheap coal used to advantage by adopting Modern Methods of making _ steam at low cost. No manufacturer of pig iron would to-day think of running his furnace without a hot blast. Competition would not permit it. This same competition demands advanced practice in the operation of ships. The same principle is applied in the HOT DRAFT Now in use on Lake Steamers aggregating over 40,000 Horse Power. CAN BE APPLIED TO OLD SHIPS AS WELL AS NEW ONES. No complicated machinery. Cool engine rooms and cool fire holds. Estimates readily furnished for application of this draft to any steame Dry Dock ENGINE Works, DETROIT, MICH.