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en oo MARINE REVIEW. ~Low Fuel Record. TEST OF STEAMER SENATOR, EQUIPPED WITH HOWDEN HOT DRAFT, SHOWS CONSUMPTION OF ONLY 1.66 POUNDS OF COAL PER HOUR PER INDICATED HORSE POWER. Another test of one of the 400-foot steamers, this time the Senator of Detroit, will prompt vessel owners and engineers to give further attention to the question of fuel economy involved in the use of artifi- cial draft. The Senator was built by the Detroit Dry Dock Co. and is fitted with .the Howden system of hot draft, which is now in use on some forty vessels on the lakes, aggregaing about 45,000 horse H.P Spring 80, w-wew See ee - t ¢ . , My . ne ! ' 4 LOK t. SP 390 f ' f 2. ' ' \ oe Sin a x ie aoa / re a . i S ya M.E.R 63 = : xv \ a are 23 848 MG / maar Ae ot Gates an ea at ae a ee Kat ere, t 4 Grea eu Int. Spring +0 s "~~ ee -----, f SNE ead ae | ' SS Se ee re as ' ' ao Rs : ' ' oe se. ). i. P 368 o x o? - 3 "=e eee eo MEAP ag OS 7 Ses EE = ws, ae » 22610 se ee '" ¢ Yew Mans eee fore [eee ee ee a aw aia nae areas SoSH ae ee em =e fe 7 2 ? ee L.P.SpringlO __-- f a rd aoe a eo? i 4 . era a "7 : ee ee LHR I3 | r * NILES, 4 1 ae 1 ) g Bre, ~~ ra 3 Bar se ? %e lott De e § ? we ( s wee wee é cuit = 4 len mM. E. P. 3.5 = cage o*. ~ 2 te Bs aS ' %*, ¢ 2 5S 3 6 3 7 ' @ ~~ = 9. fe . ae NY "Tens sc test tits eget we - =" aes o x 4 Sy ¥ N ° : ' e N ' : Airpump Spring 20. ' \ \ 4 _ \ : M E Pe 54 4 1 4 \ : ae Ss j ees EN, 4. HP 7.8 x x. PN SE Se ~ ~ oa oo? POOH ee see FE 2 Cee ewaceccoscca s® 9 Wks im ere 7 ~~ Boiler pressure, poundg..............0+ 165 Indicated horse power, I. P............ 368 WacCuum AN CHes ie iecccsesoccreesceees 24 Indicated horse power, L. P........... 413 RGVolptlons ners. ce ser aera ae 13%, Total indicated horse power........... 1171 Indicated horse power, H. P.......... 390 M. E. P. referred to L. P.......05....0... 27.22 power. In all parts of the world this draft is now applied to 1,212,800 horse power. Builders of the Senator are especially pleased with the trial, as it \vas made simply for the purpose of showing what the boat is doing in the ordinary course of business, and the main result, a consumption of 1.66 pounds of coal per horse power per hour, is certainly wonderful ina steamer that is built for competition with the best of the big cargo carriers under all conditions ot freights. In this computation no deductions have been made for ashes or dampness. At the time of gathering this data, the Senator had made seven trips. On her first trip she went from Detroit to South Chicago, re- turning with a grain cargo to Buffalo; then she was in the ore trade from Ashland to Ohio ports, going up light each time. Her average cost of fuel per round trip was $311.08, this amount representing 154 tons at an average price of $2.02 per ton. Her average time, loaded and light, was 124 miles an hour. On one trip recently, she covered the distance from Sault Ste. Marie to Cleveland, 450 miles, in 37 hours 30 minutes, or 12 miles an hour loaded. It may be well to note that on the trial reported here coal was carefully weighed on platform scales and every effor. made to have the figures absolutely correct. In publishing this test the Dry Dock company submits that the Sen- ator's creditable performance of 12 miles an hour loaded in the shallow water between Colchester and Conneaut on 1,950 pounds of coal per hour is due mainly to Howden draft, but in connection, of course, with a proportionment of engines and boilers to suit the conditions. No comparisons are made with the performance of other vessels, but in view of the attention that is being given to this question of draft, and the claims made for it in connection with the improvement that has attended marine engineering on the lakes, it may not be out of place for , BPI LIE AES ~¥97" Rate 724357 _ 9, _ AB? 8.8. "Sona%sa0 Sea F ie me 226 454 SBX KK! Slam. /65-* paces 24" Tw. 74. wlan. fh /oteee: 63, 23,6, 7.5. Kafe 2722 AMP... 990, $64, 4/3 = 1171. Simp. @ Sta. bb, Helied (90; Haathy (62 foal fier Kaew [6 howe fwa)= (750 ™ -O@....0.. 4 f£AHP = 1bb* Spee 4 heat /2 multe (tye 4) kN Leal Grow Tre... FEB. B.S. E 4 Supf 26°96. - poe wm wee were ome, -- wee eee ; =>: °=-------..--.-- --+-- _--- oe, Jie. tatan of forpteccte, 38,57. Raves 224-07 the Review to note that there are now on the lakes quite a large num- ber of steel steamers, built only two or three years ago, that burn with natural draft about 2,600 pounds of coal per hour, while develop- ing not more than 1,000 to 1,100 horse power and making not more than 12 to 124 miles an hour loaded. On her trial trip the Senator was reported to have developed easily 1,535 horse power, which would indicate that her engine, which is small as counpared with some of the big ones, is uot being taxed in the service indicated herewith. TRIAL OF STEAMER SENATOR, SEPT. 26, 1896. : . Engines--Triple expansion with cylinders 22, 35 and_58 inches by 44 inches stroke. Air pump 30 inches diameter by 15 inches stroke, with 18 inches diameter trunk. Boilers--Two cylindrical, 13 feet 6 inches diameter by 12 feet long, allowed 165 pounds pressure. Furnaces 48 inches diameter, 5 feet 6 inches grate bars; 88 square feet grate surface; total heating sur- face, 4,130 square feet; ratio heating surface to grate surface-- 4'. Fan wheel--57 inches diameter by 28 inches wide. Han engine--7 feet by 7 feet, vertical. Heater--20 inches diameter by 8 feet long over all; heating sur- face, 87 square feet. Propeller--Sectional, four bladed, 13 feet 10 inches diameter by 16 feet pitch; 58 square feet expand area. oad Ferosstonsiait ki vt. arin in. Mkt er nck 3,688 Draught, feet and inches...... Bitter Seat) he RR AE ibs 14 --4 Rca presse iiersnOUMesey Oct creeaed. ee Pe at oS, 165 Vac ummeniches teers cniett oa, ae ee Si aed 24 Indicated horse power, H. P................0.eseeus 390 moicatedchorsemower, Ti Pos cs, 60... os as chen, 368