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1900.] MARINE REVIEW. 17 STORY OF THE FONTANA ACCIDENT. Libel proceedings against the steamer Inter Ocean on account of the sinking recently of the Cleveland schooner Fontana in the St. Clair river tell the story of the accident from the standpoint of the owners of the Fontana. A different story will, of course, be told by those interested in the other vessels that are involved in the matter. Owners of the Fontana : claim damages agere- gating $90,698, this in- cluding vessel, cargo and loss on account of the oS vessel's season charter. Le: The libel states that at Ve 11 o'clock on the night of Aug. 3 those navigat- ing the Kaliyuga made out the lights of the Ap- pomattox and Santiago. A short distance back of them, to the west, could be seen the lights of the Inter Ocean. When the two tows were still a mile apart the Kaliyuga blew two whistles, indi- cating her desire to pass to the port, or Canadian side of the Appomattox and consort, thus moving out of the way of all three boats going up. The Appomattox promptly answered. Later, to be sure of his position, the Kaliyuga's master repeated the two blasis, and the Appomattox did like- wise. Immediately after the first signal the Kaliyuga began to pull over toward the Canadian side. 'At the second signal the Kaliyuga checked down until the red light of the Santiago was shut out of view, when her master rang his engineer to go ahead at the usual speed. She had hardly time to attain it when she and the Santiago were nearly abreast, and the latter began to sheer toward the Kaliyuga. To avoid the schooner, the Kaliyuga's wheel was put hard a-starboard and she was checked down. The Santiago passed the Kaliyuga's bow by 20 ft., and her starboard bow grazed the starboard quarter of the steamer, which had meantime swung her wheel hard a-port to avoid the schooner at her stern. When the schooner began her sheer the Kaliyuga's master blew a danger signal to his consort, the Fontana. Just as the latter began to swing to port, in obedience to the signal, she was struck at the bluff of the starboard bow by the Santiago, which it is alleged was traveling seven miles an hour, while the Fontana was going at the rate of six. The charge as regards the Inter Ocean is that she was but a short distance from the Santiago at the time of the collision, and trying to pass the latter; that a current set- ting partly crosswise "walled"' up the water between her and the Santiago, and that this current was of such volume and power as to cause the big schooner to sheer, and that once she began to sheer her rudder had little if any control of her. COMBINED BELL AND LIGHT BUOY. A gas buoy giving light similar to all other buoys of its kind, but containing also a bell attachment, will shortly be in operation at the gov- ernment cut, Lake St. Clair. This new type of buoy, in which a bell is struck at regular intervals by an automatic attachment connected with the gas that provides the light, was described and illustrated in these columns some time ago. It is manufactured by the Safety 'Car Heating & Lighting (Co. of New York, who control the patents on the gas buoys, and has been under test by that company for some time, but is now to be tried for the first time 'by the United States light-house officials. A second buoy of the same kind will be given an official trial by the government in New York harbor. There is practically no loss of gas in the operation of the bell. Arrangements for the test on the lakes, which will be watched by Capt. Wilson of Detroit, inspector of the eleventh light-house district, were made by (Mr. Wm. St. John of the New York company, who has just concluded a trip around the lakes. Mr. St. John, who returned to New York by way of Quebec, reports that the order of the Canadian government for thirty-five gas buoys for the lakes has been augmented by ten more, to be stationed at different points on the St. Lawrence be- tween Montreal and Quebec. AROUND THE GREAT LAKES, C. H. Donaldson and J. B. Rodgers, executors, 202 Main street, Buffalo, advertise for sale elsewhere in this issue a three-sixteenth interest in steamer Samoa and a tenth interest in the steamer Cuba, as well as ane eee of Frontier elevator stock, Buffalo. Bids will be received up to:Sept. 4. _ The steamer Argonaut, which sprang a leak and went to the bottom immediately after being loaded with ore at one ofthe Escanaba docks, was a very old vessel. She is in about 20 feet of water. The starboard side is almost completely submerged. The Argonaut is owned by J. A. Mills of Port Huron. oe oe ; It is expected that about 825 feet of the new breakwater at Fairport, Lake Erie, will be completed before the close of navigation. All work is now on the west breakwater, which is to be 2,000 feet long when com- pleted, and will run in a line nearly north and south. The east breakwater is to be 1,500 feet long and will run in a line about east and west, thus forming a sort of a letter A, with the point out in the lake. The lake ends of these two breakwaters will be 500 feet apart and the shore end will be 2,000 feet apart in a straight line. It is expected that this triangular form of structure will admit of easy entrance of vessels and will prevent the formation of sand bars that have been a great annoyance at the mouth of Fairnort harbor. Breakwaters are also to be built at Lorain, Ashtabula and Conneaut. It is rumored at Frankfort-on-the-Main that capitalists of Bremen, Hamburg, Brussels and Antwerp have formed a company to erect large ship yards at Hoboken, N. J. KRUPP INDUSTRIES. | A SUMMARY OF THEIR MAGNITUDE TAKEN FROM AN ANNUAL REPORT--WORKS EMPLOYING 46,679 MEN. , From the 1899 report of the Krupp steel plant at Essen some very interesting information is obtained regarding the magnitude and capa- city of the Krupp organization. During the year 1899 the firm of Krupp comprised the steel plant at Essen; the steel works at Annen, Westphalia (formerly F. Asthover & Co.); the Gruson plant at Magdeburg-Buckau:; the blast furnaces near Duisburg, Neuweid, Engers and Rheinhausen (the latter possessing three furnaces, each of 280 tons per diem capacity) ; a plant near Sayn; four coal mines (viz., Hannover shafts 1, 2, 8 and 4. and the Salzer and Neuack shafts), besides part ownership in various other mines; more than 500 iron ore properties in Germany, of which eleven are deep shafts fitted with mechanical equipment; various deposits near Bilbao, Spain; shooting grounds near \Meppen, 16.8 km. in length, with an actual firing distance of 24 km.; three ocean steamers, several stone quarries and clay and sand deposits, besides the control and operation of the Schiffs & Maschinenbau Actiengesellschaft "Germania," at Berlin. The principal articles of manufacture at Essen are ordnance, ammu- nition, gun barrels, armor plate for all protected parts of war ships, as well as for fortifications, iron and ship building material, machine parts of every sort, rails, iron and steel plates, rolls, tool steel, etc. The Essen plant is divided into the following departments: Two Bessemer works, containing altogether fifteen converters; four Martin works, two steel casting works, puddle works, crucible steel plant, welding mill, foundries, works for casting guns and brass, annealing shops, hardening halls, cru- cible chambers, block rolling mill, rail rolling. mill, plate mill, bolt and spring steel works, spring machine shop, hydraulic press plant and armor plate rolling mill, hammer works, wheel foundry, tire rolling mill, boiler shops, field railway construction shop, mechanical workshops (with file factory), four repair shops, railway machine shops, gun and ammunition shops, testing laboratory, two chemical laboratories, one physico-chem- ical testing laboratory, boiler house, electrical plant, gas works with one plain and two telescope gas tanks, holding respectively 5,700, 17,500 and 37,500, altogether 60,700 c. m.; water works with three separate sources of supply, factory for fire brick and briquettes, brick kiln, lithographic and photographic establishments, together with a book bindery, freight office, telegraph, telephone, fire and safety departments and food supply stores. In the steel plant at Essen there were in operation in 1899 1,700 differ- ent furnaces, forges, etc.; 400 different machine and workmen's tools; 132 steam hammers from 100 to 50,000 kg. falling power (in all 269,125 ke.); thirty hydraulic presses, two of 5,000 tons each, one of 2,000 and one of 1,200 tons; 316 steam boilers, 497 engines from 2 to 3,500 H.P. (altogether 41,213 H.P.), 558 cranes from 400 to 150,000 kg. carrying power (altogeth- er 5,963,150 kg.). At the mines an average of 1,877 tons constituted the daily output of ore, while the production of coal in the mines proper averaged 3,788 tons per diem. Coal and coke were consumed at the steel plant to the extent of 952,365 tons. The total consumption at the remain- ing works was 622,118 tons, or in all 1,570,483 tons--5,000 tons daily. The consumption of water at the steel plant amounted:to 15,018,156 c. m., or as much as is required by the city of Frankfurt-on-the-Main. The com- bined length of the water pipe was 171.59 km., that in the buildings 106.48 km. The consumption of gas for lighting purposes amounted to 18,- 836,050 c. m. (the consumption of the city of Leipsic for the same period was 21,931,140), the same supplying 2,596 street lights and 41,745 lights in the works. The electrical plant of the steel works possesses three engine rooms with six distributing stations, 26.85 km. of underground and 90 km. of overground cable for lighting, and feeds 877 arc lights, 6,724 small lights and 179 electro motors. As regards means of communication Krupp's plant is singularly well supplied. A standard gauge railway net is in direct track connection with the Essen Railway Station, North Essen and Beree-Borbeck. Communication with these three stations is effected daily by fifty trains. In all the net comprises 58 km. of track, sixteen locomotives and 707 cars; furthermore there is a narrow gauge railway net with 44 kmi. of track, twenty-six locomotives and 1,209 cars. Krupp's telegraphic net contains thirty-one stations with fifty-eight Morse appara- tus and 81 km. of wires. It connects with the Imperial Telegraph Office in Essen, and the year's business between the factory and the city amount- ed to no less than 22,787 sent and received dispatches. The.long distance telephone possesses 828 stations with 835 apparatus and 320 km. of wires. The daily calls average 900 to 1,000. In the testing and trial rooms 173,- 209 tests were made, of which 87,626 were breakage and 83,262 bending tests. ; . The fire department employs ninety-five men. The works proper contain 347 and the outbuildings 121 hydrants, while in addition there are thirty-five extra water sources for use in case of necessity, eighty-two electric fire alarms, besides the 330 odd telephone call stations. The laborers live in what are called colonies, a group of settlements comprising Baumhof, Nordhof,, Westend, Kronenberg, Friedrichshof, Schederhof, Alfredshof and Altenhof, with 4,210 family dwellings. The total number of workingmen's dwellings erected by the Krupps up to April 1, 1900, was: 4,853... There are, furthermore, one hospital, two barracks for epidemic cases, one convalescent home, one workmen's eating house, two lodging houses for unmarried men, one club house for clerks, one club house for works foremen, one housekeeping school for adults, one industrial school for adults, three industrial schools for children, one library, etc. According to the census of April 1, 1900, the total number of persons employed at the Krupp Works, including 3,559 office employes, was 46,- 679, of this number 27,462 are employed at Essen, 3,475 at the Gruson works in Buckau, 345 at the Germania in Berlin and Kiel, 6,164 in the coal mines, 6,128 at the ore mines, the shooting grounds and other places. The report is confirmed at the offices of the International Navigation Co. that the steamship Paris is to be renamed Philadelphia. This is in keeping with the decision of the company to rename all of its ships after American cities. The hull of the vessel has been practically rebuilt and she will be equipped with new engines and boilers, capable of developing 20,000 H.P. It is expected that the vessel will be launched Feb, 1, next,