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1903.] MARINE REVIEW AND MARINE RECORD. LIGHTSHIPS FOR THE DOMINION GOVERNMENT. The two lightships which the Polson Iron. Works, Toronto, is building for the dominion government, form a part of the plans decided upon by the Hon. James Sutherland, during his tenure of office, for the improvements of aids to navigation on tle Atlantic' coast and on the Gulf of St. Lawrence. © The two light- ships are fac-similes in every respect and are of the following dimensions: yength. extreme, 123 ft. 6 in.; length between per- pendiculars.. 112 ft.; breadth, 28 ft. 6 in.; depth, keel to bend. amidships, 14 ft. 10% in. The construction is to be very heavy and, far in excess of Lloyd's requirements.- The hulls will be divided. by watertight bulkheads into five compartments. They will each: have three decks, the-main and spar decks being con- tinuous and the lower deck extending from the stem to the coal bunker. bulkhead forward and from the: sternpost to the engine bulkhead aft. The lower deck will be of steel; the main deck of steel covered with a 3-in. wood deck, and the spar deck of wood. They will each be provided with two hollow. steel masts, fitted with standing and running rigging for every kind of service on station, at sea or'in harbor. The dynamos and engines for the electric plant will be located on the main deck within the engine casing. They will each be fitted with an inverted surface-con- densing, single engine with cylinder 23 in. in diameter by 22 sttoke. Steam willbe supplied by two cylindrical straight tubi- lar boilers,'O ft.-in: diamieter by 16 ft.-714 in. long) OE So -DULUTH-SUPERIOR COMMERCE. "Duluth, "Minn., and Superior, Wis. leading ports on Lake Stiperior, are within a single harbor and for several years past it has been the custom of the engineer officer in charge of -har- bor works to insist upon his right under the law: to have reports from a commerce standpoint 'from all vessels entering or clear- ing: "Thus' at: this point we have statistics of commerce that are not. to beihad from: other places around the lakes where the efigineers .do not demand-reports from the vessels. Of course it: is understood--that- reports of lake commerce from customs officials are almost valueless, on account of the inability of the collectors to secure complete reports under the customs regula- tions as they have existed for a great number of years past. The latest. report of Duluth-Supericr commerce is from Capt. D. D. Gaillard, who has been engineer of the Duluth dis- trict for a year or more. His summaries, which go into great detail, show that. the vessel freight. arrived and departed in 1902 amountéd to 17,505,793 tons of 2,000 lbs., valued at $194,444,605. The increase in freight tonnage since 1890 is 515 per cent., and the increase during the past year 35 per cent. "Tt is impossible," says Capt. Gaillard, "to give precise figures of the marine commerce of the principal ports of the United States' for comparison -with Duluth-Superior harbor, for the reason that -at'~ ocean ports. of the United States, as. well: <as - of foreign " countries; no record. of domestic tonnage is kept at the custom house, whereas at Duluth- Superior a -record is kept' for the total marine com- merce both "foreign. and domestic. In the principal ocean ports of the United States the tonnage of the local and coastwise" (domestic): marine 'commerce is several times greater than that. of the foreigm~ Any comparison, therefore, of the rel- ative maritie commerce' of Duluth-Superior and ocean ports, based solely upon custom house: records, is, for the reason just stated, incorrect and-misleading.- But from commercial statistics (pub- lished in the teport of the chief of engineers, United States army, for. 1902), furnished by boards .of trade and commercial and maritime exchanges to.officers of the United States corps of erigineers-in charge of improvements'at the various ocean ports, it would appear that, based. -upon.annual vessel freight arriving and departing, the relative standing of the principal ports of the United--States is. now-as follows: : 1.--New York. 3.--Duluth-Superior. 2:--Philadelphia: 4.--Boston. -' "Whe navigation season for Duluth-Superior harbor averages only about «ight! months per annum, while for the three ocean ports. méritioned- above navigation is carried on during twelve months; Considering the mean monthly freight movement dur- ing' the "season "of navigation, Duluth-Superior harbor stands tiext;to New York." * fy es --osCapt. -Gaillard's tables dealing with the lake commerce of Duluth and Superior cover a great many pages. The main items are as follows: . ; ae Aa -| s LAK COMMERCE, DULUTH-SUPERIOR HARBOR. . ova eipts and | Valuation, | Number| Registered |Aver'ge net "-o¥ear ° Mhisnents '| receipts and erates tonne' of sper OD: ey i ee Net tons. shipments. Aenieecd vessels. fics. 'ott. +. 6,325,351 $95,000,000 10,936 11,434,272 1,172 1896 - 7,886,833 111,676,900 10 948 13,353 068 1,351 er asOT 8.475, 224 118,551,185 9,758 12,845,865 1,434 ~ 534898 -|}- > 10,127,264 142,643,020 10,870: 14 135,237 1,480 1899 . -| - 11,603.038 157,143,966 11,526 14,4383.501 1,435 ~ 1900 = 11,725,245 135,109,196 11,334 14,387,068 1,443 "71901 = |> 512,973,378 161,305,319 13,264 17,245 719 1,529 *-1902> |: 17,505,793 194,444,695 15,866 23,811,275 1,667 'Total--| 86,627,168 | 1,115,874,781 | 94.552 | 121,646,005 |...........- sig ~~ A) The quantity and value of different items of freight entering into this Duluth-Superior commerce during 1902 are shown in the following table: ae RECEIPTS AND SHIPMENTS WITH VALUATIONS, DULUTH-SUPERIOR COMMERCE, SEASON OF 1902. Unit ° Description of Cargo. it. i : \ i P g Unit. |Quantity. rire} Valuation. Gement. 0, Gu ee ges Bbls. 183,460} $2.25 $412,785 Coal, Wards 0 ee Tons 290,736 6.25) 1,817,100 Coalesoih.: 2) aioe ee Tons 2,382,803): 4.00 9,581,212 Copper pr Tons : 85,756) . 250-00: 8,939,000 Fish =e, Tons 1,419} 100.00 141,900 Bako ee a ee Bush 12,825,078) 1.50}. 19,237,617 Blour ei ae ea ee Bbls. 7,660,826 4,00) 80,641,804 General merchandise, :.,.... ile LOS 272,904} 150.00} | 40,935,600 Grains (exclusive of wheat and flax)..| Bush. 8,699,245} - .50 4,349,623 Hay 22 a ee Tons 284 12.00 3,406 TrencOne::, tener S20 yee Tons 10,884,356 2.25} . 24,489,801 Limestone... 3333. Tons 89,549]. 1.50 134,324 LDOgs a eS Caan eee M. Ft. 186,599 12.50 1,707,488 Towm ber; hardwood: 3. en ar M. Ft. 702 50.00 35,100 Dumber Dine oe M. Ft. 416 582 15.25 6,352,876 Machinery 7 ee - Tons 1379| 330.00 455,070 Manufactured iron i... 003 Pea HOE Ons 115,228 65,00] . 7,489,495 Oils Cen ln ee Bbls. ~ 114,592 7.00 8025144 Poles and piles ....... Lan Cane, Number 119,709 1.65 197,520 POstS ese eee ee Seer: ee Number 25,622 12 3,075 Pulpwoodie: cio: Ta Be ae Cords 5,055 5.00 25,275 Saltese See ee as - Bbls. 367,409 .60 220,445 Sand and gravels 077 2 Cu. Yds. 225110 1.00 22,110 shinglestandjlath: 00 ft M. 343 827 2.75 945,524 Silverand lead ore.;. 2 ean ee agcl< Lons = BO) 78.00 3,900 SLAVES ce ere ee ne Number 463,300 4,15 2,201 Stone, building (26 cea. et Lous 10,518 7.00 73,626 Wes; railnoddia co ei. anon :| Number} 190,599 40 76,240 Wheat og eee sos Bush. | 41,007,387 -74| 30,845,429 Wool! ee Tons: 10, 107) 500.00 5,053,500 Total-vali ations ccc eee cle iA ea | 194,444,695 Note,--All tons are of 2,000 Ibs. CANADIAN MARINE NEWS. ~~ Capt. W. Ross, who for a number of years was in charge of steamers for the Allan line, died at Westmount, Montreal, Feb. 9. The twin-screw steamer Lady Laurier, the second of the two steamers built' in Scotland for the Dominion government, left Paisley for Halifax Feb. 11. ; ae Capt. Alex. McDougall of Selina, N. S., one of the oldest ship builders in the province died there recently, aged 84 years. He built some of the finest ships that ever sailed from Nova Scotia, and for twenty years built all the ships required by the well-known firm of Brown & Watson, Glasgow, Scotland. There is a revival of ship building on the St. John river, the Hillyard yard having a. number of orders on hand. The tug Lord Kitchener, for seagoing service, has just been launched, and the keel is being laid for a steamer for the freight and pas- senger service between St. John, N. B., and Halifax, N. S. The recent reports that the tug D. P. Ingraham sunk in a gale off the coast of Newfoundland have turned out to be with- out foundation; the tug weathered the storm safely. The D. P. Ingraham has been in service on the coast since 1873 at which time she was one of the most powerful tugs in the service. Capt. Bassett, for many years in the service of the Northern Navigation Co., is one of the principal promoters of the Western Steamship Co., which purposes engaging in the freight carrying business between Collingwood and upper lake ports. Another new company--the St. Mary's River Navigation Co.--has been chartered by the Ontario government to carry on a general nav- igation business on the great lakes. "The head offices of the com- peny are at Sault Ste. Marie. ; ; On the smaller inland lakes of Ontario the coming season promises to be a bright one. The fleets of the different companies are being put in order and improved. The Lake of Bays Navi- gation Co., which was organized last year, earned 9 per cent. on its capital, and is building a new steamer 100 ft. long, 20 ft. beam and 7 ft. depth of hold, to. have a speed of fourteen miles an hour and accommodation for 325 passengers, to be ready for the coming season's trade. A new company--the Kawartha Lakes Navigation Co.--has been organized at Lindsay, Ont., to carry on a general navigation business on the Kawartha lakes, a region adjoining Misholea. The Rainy River Navigation Co., which operates on the Lake of the Woods, proposes to build a new steamer to cost $150,000 for its passenger service, to be ready for the season of 1904. : There is a good deal of dissatisfaction in Prince Edward island in regard to the maintenance of steamer communication with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia ports. The permanent winter route is between Georgetown, P. FE. I., and Pictou,'N. S., the steamer employed being the Minto, but the shorter route 's between Summerside, P. E. I, and Cape Tormentine, N. B. The steamer Stanley was put on this service, but on Jan. 12 got caught in an ice pack, and has since been drifting up and down the strait within sight of the shore. For some time also the Minto was unable to leave Pictou by reason of the pack -ice out- side the harbor, thus cutting off the island entirely, the sole means of communication being by ice boat. The problem of maintain- ing communication between the island and the main land will only be solved by the employment of a thoroughly equipped ice breaking steamer of the Ermaak design.