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~ THe Marine REVIEW Mr. Hovgaard: Ten feet is the freeboard we have had 'in several ships in this and other navies, and it has been proved that as soon as the speed came up to about 14 or 15 knots, ten feet freeboard was not enough. The ships were wet, the guns could not be worked; and the next type that was designed was given higher freeboard, and as soon as the speed was raised, even that was not found enough. The freeboard was then increased still more. And in this way we have, from years of experience, arrived at a type of both battleship and cruiser of some 18 to 20 feet free- board, at a speed of 18 to 20 knots; and it may not be un- likely that we shall have to build a forecastle on those ships. But to have a-ship going 22 knots with ten feet freeboard «would be impossible, while I think the gun pee ke Mr. See: Mr. Hovgaard: Excuse me, here is a diagram of it. As far as J cam see, the gun axis is no higher than it is in the Indiana or the Kentucky or Kear--- sarge. If you will drive the Indiana at 22 knots 1 doubt very much whether it is possible to work the guns. - It looks very tempting to obtain a great result on a small displacement, but whenever it has been attempted--and it. has been attempted a great many times--it has always proved a failure, for. the reason that you cannot secure the fundamental qualities of seaworthiness. If the guns cannot be worked as soon as there is a little rough sea, all the saving in displacement and money is of no use; the ship will not be able to do anything like what is required fzom it. The fact that a ship has no.secondary guns--the proposal there I think is undesirable. ' Because as ships are now constructed with ten-inch guns any secondary armament is highly desirable if-not absolutely necessary. I would say that if the battleship cruiser were made only 'with 12-inch guns, that that would not be a good type as -- far as armament goes; but when it comes to cutting down the fundamental quality of seaworthiness of a ship, then I cannot follow Mr. See any more. But judging from other ships, I should say that with a shape like that with 23° ft. draught, that that would have a very short range and not a very. great maximum of stability. That is at least "my impression. Beginning with the paper by Naval Constructor H. G. Gill- mor, Marine Keview in its next issue will continue the pio ceedings of the Society of Naval Architects and Warne Engineers, including discussion on the various papers. ~ NEW MEMBERS ELECTED. The following were elcted to membership in the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers at the meeting held last week in New York: Life Associate: Alva. C. Dinkey, President Carnegie Steel Co., Pittsburg, Pa. Members: James Edwazd Davidson, assistant general manager, James Davidson, Shipbuilder, Bay City, Mich. _ Harold Arthur Everett, instructor in naval architecture, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass. Marley F. Hay, superintendenting constructor of Elec- tric Boat Co.,,11 Pine Street, New York. Oliver ah Howard, marine engine and boiler drafts- man, and instructor in mechanical drawing, in the dept. of marine engineering and naval construction, U. S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md. Louis C. Loewenstein, instructor mechanical and marine engineering, Lehigh University, South Bethlehem, a. : vo hea M, Mattice, chief engineer, Allis-Chalmers co. Milwaukee, Wis. McAllister, Charles ; Albert engineer-in-chief, U.S, Revenue Cutter service, Treasury Dept.,. Washington, Dc, : , yi Francis B. Smith,. chief engineer, Pittshury Steamship Co., Cleveland. Pee Horace Holden Thaye: Jr., chief hull draftsman, the Pusey & Jones, Wilmington, Del. _ William Wallace Watterson, superintendent of construc- tion, Pittsburg Steamship Co., Cleveland, O. Edward C. Johnstone, Thomas Andrews Jr., James 'S. Milne, Charles D. Mowers, Harold A. Everett. ~ Promotion from associate to member: Joseph Wright Powell, assistant naval constructor, U. S. Navy, assistant to the stiperintending constructor, works of the William Cramp & Sons Ship and Engine begets Co., Philadel- phia,- Pa: Naval constructor W: P, Robert. - » Associates: John Lord Bliss, sole proprietor of fizm of John Bliss & Co., 128 Front St.. New York. Manu- facturer of marine chrongmeters and nautical instruments. John Wesley Coates, machinist, , U. S. Navy, U. 8.28. Denver.' Care of Postmaster, N. Y. Leonard Martin Cox, civil engineer, U. S. Navy, super- vising engineer, Steel Floating Dry Dock, Cavite, P. I; William Burder Ferguson Jr., assistant naval constructor, U.S. Navy, Navy Yard, New York; Julius Augustus Furer, assistant naval constructor, U. S. Navy, Navy Yard, New York; Frank David Hall; assistant naval constructor, U. S. Navy, assistant to the superintending constructor, Cramps Shipyard, Philadelphia, Sidney Morgan Henry, assistant naval constructor, U. S. Navy, Navy Yard, Maze Island, Cal.; Frank Bowne Jones, yacht agent and ship broker, 29 Broadway, New York; Martin L. Katzenstein, 114 Liberty St., New York, manager marine department International Steam Lamp Co.; William McEntee, assist- ant naval constructor, U. S. Navy, Navy Yard, Mare Island, Cal.; George Theodore McKay, membez of firm of . Stearns & McKay, naval architects and yacht builders, Marblehead, Mass.; John Mitchell, vessel owner, member. of the firm of Mitchell & Co., Rockefeller building, Cleve- land, O.; Carle Ermanus Pfister, lieutenant, Royal Italian Navy, raged attache to the Italian Embassy, Washington, D. C.; Austin E. Potter, Frederick. K. Lord, Charles E. Littlefield, Eugene M. Richardson, William R: Shoemaker. ' Juniors: Robert Earle Anderson, C. E., 4th class ship draftsman, dept. of C. & R. Navy Yard, New York; John Arnhold Engerdt inspector steam 'turbines,- inspection and testing dept., Westinghouse Machine Co., East Pitts- burg, "Pa. Sidney Graves Koon, editor Marine Engineering, 17 Battery Place, New York; Arthur Schultz Lewis, M. E. mechanical engineer in charge of test room, C. & R. dept., Navy Yard, New York; Daniel M. Luehrs. Those pzesent at the sessions and banquet were: J. J. Amo-y,. W. J. Parslow, H. L. Aldrich, J. R. Andrews, D. Almy, PoE. Pratt, GK. Brodfield, W. H. Barley M. Ke: Bowman, J. Barre,-G, HM: Bates, Fo 7: 'Bowles, Wey. Babcock, H. Capdeville, D. BH. Cox, GL. Crate E.'S. Cramp, A, Crane, Robert Curr, GC. Cook, yA: Clifford, C. G. Curtis, KR: Deming, D: W. Dickie, W. D.: Dickey, W. D. Demock, F. L. DuBosque, J. Donald, R. D. Evans, J. Bi Edson, FL. Fernald, W. H. Fletcher, We D. rorhes, D. E. Ford, G. N. Gardner, W. L. Guellander, G. N. Gard- per, G NN. Gardner Js. J. H.. Gardner, W. G. Groesbeck, to. Grose, Fo S. Pall oR: So Haight FC Higgins, C.- Fi. Haswell, G.' Hillman, J. C. Hyde, William Hovgaard, BE. Johnson, Ff. B. Jones, 1. Hatgenstein. M. YT. 'Katjen- stein, I. W. Kellogg, P. Leventhal, C. Kirchoff, S. S. Koon, John C. Kafer, J. J: Lynn, P. Leventhal, John Lloyd. John Leonard, E. M. Mcllvain, C. D. Mosher, C. A. McAllister, J. E. Meek, J. W. Miller, Spencer Miller; M. F, Moore, A. Morty, J. Ho Mull Charles W. Martin, A. J. Mac- Lean, L. J. Wilson, W. J. Norton; H. F. Norton, E. B, Osborn, N. -F. ,Palmer,, W, F. Palmer, C,H: Peabody, , 4,