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outer plates must be in place before the inside plates can be proceeded with. After the outer stringer plates are on, a batten is put on and faired in to make sure that the ship's side is true and pleasing to the eye. A line is nicked in on the stringer plate for the marker to put his template to. The sheer strake butts and any fittings which may come on the angle are painted on the plates or nicked in with a chisel, thus saving the drilling for same and at the same time getting the rivet holes in the right place. All the straps and strips are marked from the ship and any case where there are three thicknesses the holes in the middle plates are punched a size less and rimed out to the right diameter of the rivet. The deck plates from stringer to stringer would also be lifted from the ship by means of a bat- ten wide enough to take the holes in the belt frame angles and a strip nailed at right angles to same for the seam holes. The belt frames at deck would be straightened up with shores from the tank top so that the beam angles would be perfectly straight before the marker proceeded with the work. The hatch coamings would be lifted from the ship in a similar way to the other work. It will be noticed that quite a lot of staging is necessary for the men to get around on by this method of construction, to even mark the different pieces. The fitting up of the deck work as per plan, Fig. 87, would cost in Scotland $2.50 per foot, while on the lakes this work can be done for one-third less. PASSENGER STEAMBOAT LINES. The annual meeting of the Associa- tion of Passenger Steamboat Lines was held in New York last week. From a small beginning a few years ago, this association has now grown to include nearly all of the prominent passenger steamboat lines in the United States. Its meetings, while not ordinarily of . much interest to the public, are of great importance to the steamship lines, as views are exchanged concerning the is- suance of tickets, the establishment of special rates for special occasions, the operation of the ship with reference to types and the general conduct of the steamship business. The meeting did not upon this occasion touch upon any of the existing laws or upon their amendments in any particular. Thirty- five members attended the meeting. Of- ficers were elected as follows, being practically re-elections: President, Geo. A. White of New York; secretary and treasurer, W. F. Herman of Cleveland ; executive committee: T. F. Newman, Cleveland; J. C. Evans; Buffalo; B. W. Parker, Detroit; F. C. Reynolds, Mil- hich, TAE Marine. REVIEW watkee; HH; W. Thorpe, Chicago: C. M. Englis, New York and C.J. Smith, Montreal. On Saturday evening a ban- quet was held at Delmonico's and speeches were made by Harvey D. Goulder of Cleveland, Congressman Olcott and Mr. Andrew Fletcher of New York. Mr. Fletcher's remarks were especially in- teresting, as he discussed the new tur- bine steamer Governor Cobb, which his company has lately equipped with Par- sons turbines for the Eastern Steamship Co. He spoke with enthusiasm of this mode of propulsion and described the Governor Cobb .as a great success in every way. Those present were: Congressman Olcott, Congressman Bennett, Con- gressman Waldo, Congressman Wilding, Andrew Fletcher, W. I. Bab- cock, O. H. Taylor, passenger manager Morse lines; E. H. Snyder, president Catskill Evening line; H. R. Odell, assistant to president Central Hudson' Steamboat Co.;: T.. F...New- man, general manager C. & B. Trans. Co.; W. F. Herman, secretary and treasurer ©..& 2B. line: W,. (6. > Hope, general passenger agent Central R. R. of New Jersey; C. M. Englis, presi- dent Citizens Steamboat Co.; D.- A. Loomis, general manager Champlain 'Fransportation.Go.;, A. A. -Schantz, general superintendent D. & C. line and D. & B. Steamboat Co.; W. Camp- bell, superintendent Detroit, Belle Isle & Windsor Ferry Co.; J. C. Ev- ans, western manager Erie & Wes- tern Transportation Co.; A. W. Good- president Goodrich Transporta- tion Co.;.H. W. Thorp, general man- ager Goodrich Transportation Co.; E. E. Olcott, president Hudson River Day line; F. B. Hibbard, general pas- senger agent Hudson River Day line; W. Y. Hawley, secretary Hudson River Day line; -G, A. White, assistant gen- eral manager Hudson River Day line; F. C. Reynolds, Manitou Steamship Co.; F. C. €ruger, manager Northern Steamship Goi; sBioW. Folger, mana- ger Niagara? Navigation Co; C. G. Whiton, agent and treasurer New Bedford, Martha's Vineyard & Nan- tucket Steamboat Co.; C. J. Smith, general manager Richelieu & Ontario Navigation Co.; B. W. Parker, gen- eral manager White Star line; F. E. King, secretary Dominion Marine As- sociation; D. Van Cleaf, president Delaware River Navigation Co.; Har- vey D. Goulder; Frank E. Kirby. The city of Lorain has decided to keep the river open this winter and will keep in commission for ice crush- ing purposes a tug, equipped with fire apparatus. trafic * 27 CANADIAN GRAIN TRADE. Editor Martne Review:--A_ month ago Canadian vessel looked Rates promised well, and many good paying charters were refused in the hope of higher ones being obtained later, and the unusual course owners for a most active fall season. of lowering the minimum schedule of rates at this season of the year had to be taken by the Dominion Marine Association, to meet the. conditions obtaining in the wheat carrying trade. The blockade at Georgian Bay ports has been another fruitful incon- venience and loss of money to Canad- ian vessel owners, and it looks as if the government, or some authority, would have to step in and remedy the situation at these ports by compelling -the railways to furnish sufficient cars to at least take care of our own crop. It is not a very gratifying spectacle to see such large quantities of grain con- signed to American ports, and taken to the seaboard through American territory, in the face of the immense sums of money the Canadian govern- ment has spent in subsidizing rail- ways, and improving her waterways, and there does not seem to be any good reason why the Canadian rail- ways and Canadian waterways could not take care of practically every bushel of our grain, The recent severe snowstorm which occurred on the night-of the 16th and 17th swept the western end of Lake Superior. The gale came from the southeast, accompanied by a blinding snowstorm. The steamer Theano of the Algoma Central Railway Co.'s_ line, bound for Fort William with a load of steel rails for the Grand Trunk Pacific, struck on Trowbridge island, the most westerly of the Shangoinah group, about three miles' east of Thunder Cape, at about 1:30 on the morning of the 17th, and sank in 57 fathoms of water. The crew escaped in two of her boats, the captain's boat making Port Arthur after a twelve hours' sail, having endured _ great hardships from cold and fatigue. The mate's boat made a landing on Hare island in Thunder Bay, and were picked up on the afternoon of the 17th by: the steamer Iroquois, Captain W. H. Wright, Chicago & St. Lawrence Nav. Co., and landed in Fort William. It is almost a miracle that a boat could strike the point she did in that weather and have anybody escape alive. J. J. O'Connor. Port Arthur, Ont., Nov. 19.