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18 matters pertaining to merchant ma- rine have never been questioned, ex- - amined San Diego harbor, and his ver- dict was: "The harbor of San Diego is one of the best I ever saw." LAKE SHIP YARD METHODS OF STEEL SHIP CON- STRUCTION. BY ROBERT CURR. 'SHELL PLATING AFT. Fig. 110 shows the expanded shell plating aft from the keel to the bul- warks. : Keel plate, No. 21, is fitted in two the butt coming where the pieces --_-- These stern post begins to taper. plates are templated from the ship when all the other plates are in place. A, No. 20, the second last keel plate connects onto the stern post and is made in one-piece box shape as shown by Fig. III. : Fig. III shows the keel plates 20 and 21 and the B strake and frames and floor plates cut off in line with the sight edge of keel plate. The stem 'post inway of the keel with shoe part cut off is also seen on Fig. ITI. Molds are made from the frames in- --° ~ way of keel plate, No. 20 and to get the proper width of the plate before setting same to shape the molds are rolled on the plate at the frame lines which determines the shape of same. After A, No. 20, is bent to shape the holes for the frames, keel liner, stern post straps and seams are laid off and drilled without any reference to the ship whatever. The frame liners and straps are also marked and punched with the same molds used for mark- ing the plate with. The whole keel THE Marine REVIEW ~ is laid off with molds with the excep- tion of the foremost and aftermost plates, in this case No. 1 and 21. B strake on the stern post is treated similarly to a stem plate and is laid off from stem to stern post with molds. C the boss plate shown by Fig. 112 is made to shape and marked from the ship. The bossed frames are not punched for rivets until the boss plate is put up in place and any tap rivets in the stern post are drilled from the boss plate. All other holes are marked upon the plate with tem- plates so that the boss plate is com- pleted and ready for bolting up when erected in place. D strake is treated the same as stem plates and is laid out from stem to stern post. E strake connecting on to the stern post is set to shape and marked from the ship with template wood, G, No. 40 and 41, are marked from. the ship, No. 41 is made as shown by Fig. 113 and marked from the ship with template wood. This oxter plate is very complicated but after it is made to the shape of the ship the frame lines and edge of the stern post are obtained from the solid set made for getting the true form of the plate from the ship. The gauge marks ob- tained in this way removes the com- plications likely to occur by any other means. Fig. 113 shows part of three frames, transom, upper parts of stern frame, oxter plate and rudder trunk. The two after plates on H_ strake, after plate on J, three after plates on K, two on L and one plate next the stern plating on M are marked with templates from the ship. Molds are erected on the ship and faired up for the bulwark plating also. The rudder trunk A, Fig. 113, is laid out, finished and riveted to the stern post before the post is erected in place. Fig. 114 shows the method of lay- ing out a rudder trunk, the rudder trunk being in one piece and flanged to the transom floor. A, B, C, Dy Fig. 114, tepresente the rudder trunk connected to the stern post and plating, looking across ship. This trunk is parallel and is ex- panding, same is treated as a beveled pipe. On the. line AB with 3 as center a half circle is described A, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. This half circle is divided up into five equal parts and represents the half of the rudder trunk. The points I, 2, 3, 4 and 5 are drawn in parallel to AC intersecting the lines AB and CD at 4):2, 9° 4 ands. The line AB being square to the stern post this line is extended over to ELG being made in length equal to the circumference of the rudder