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18 it being generally understood -that~as steam went down and out of the boil- er, it was necessary to provide for the atmospheric pressure and thus prevent a collapse. -- : The steam yacht Aurora, . now called the Sabrina, and owned by the Submarine Signal Co., of Boston, Mass:, attended the opening of the Jamestown exposition. cently overhauled and equipped with a Roberts safety watertube boiler. The French minister of marine has ordered the commencement of 16 sitib- marines, all of the submersible type-, similar to the 18 commenced in 1905. Their displacement is 398 tons, length 167 ft., beam 16 ft., draught of water 10 ft. The maximum power' of the mo- tors is 700 H. P., giving a surface speed of 12 knots. They will be fitted with seven launching apparati for tor- pedoes, and are to have a complement of two officers and- 22 men. Orders have also been issued for the con- struction of four submergibles of much greater dimensions than 'any _ built heretofore. The radius of action is designed to be much greater than hith- erto attempted, namely, 2,500 miles. It _is said that they are not to be identical but will have a displacement of about 800 tons, the surface speed to be 15 knots, which is two knots faster than any previous craft of this kind, and the submerged speed will be 10 knots in- stead of six. The protected cruiser New York, the rebuilding of which is now almost com- pleted at the Boston navy yard, has together with the armored cruiser St. Louis been ordered to the Pacific to replace the protected cruiser Chicago and the gunboat Yorktown of the Pa- cific fleet, while the cruisers Denver and Cleveland, at present in the sixth division of the Atlantic fleet, will, on the termination. of their forthcoming visit to the Fulton celebration at Bor- deaux, France, proceed to the Asiatic s.ation to.reinforce the already exten- sive fleet in those waters. The New -York may go to the' Pacific under an- other name, in order to permit of naming df one of the two great battle- ships of the Dreadnought class, recent- ly authorized by Congress, after the Empire state. It is the impression that the New York will be renamed Trenton. The other great battleship may be named the Texas thus giving to the vessels the names of the state of greatest population and the of greatest area. ship Texas is now almost obsolete. ._The British fleet of naval vessels _ was reviewed at Portsmouth recently by. the colonial premiers as the guests ne was re-- the' state. The present battle+" 'ested in the new battleship. 'proportion of her -now ready for business. _of water alongside 'the present week 75 tons of fuel was THe Marine REVIEW cluding the Dreadnought, a score of cruisers and 3/7 torpedo-boat destroy- ers, were reviewed by the statesmen, who were especially inter- In de- scribing the Dreadnought the official program of the day says: "She has satisfied her creators and fulfilled all 'anticipations. When 80 per cent of her guns were first fired together, with a total energy of 345,792 foot tons, some cups and saucers were broken. All else withstood the immense concus- sion, and the difficult problem of pre- venting the blast of one gun from in- . terfering with that of another was found' to have. been _ satisfactorily solved. She has completed a voyage of 10,000 miles and ;without using all her boiler power, maintained a speed of over 17 knots for 3,400 milés and could have done another, thousand at the same speed." In an address recently before the ex- porting-and importing class of the West Side Y. M. C. A. of New York, "Mr. William E. Peck, president of William E. Peck & Co., exporters, spoke in strong terms of the fact that in 1906 the United States bought twenty per cent of all the products South America shipped abroad, but sold to South America only thirteen per cent of the goods it bought. "Con- sidering," he said, "that South America has a population of 40,000,000 and that the total amount of her foreign com- merce is $1,278,000,000, the figures show that we have relatively a small trade. The rea- sons for this unsatisfactory growth of our trade may be found in the greater willingness of British and Continental manufacturers to adapt themselves and their products to the requirements ahd tastes of the Latin-American buyers, and to extend long credits. The av- erage American manufacturer, on the -other hand, has been, is, and I am afraid always will be, too apt to fol- low the theory that what is acceptable to the home trade should be good enough for any foreign buyer." Tene. Pittsbuce Coal. Co.'s dock at Pittsburg landing, St. Mary's river, is There is 22 ft. the dock. During put aboard the steamer Kensington in four minutes. The Kensington was downbound and a southeast gale was -blowing hard, but the steamer experi- revicéd no trouble in making a landing at the dock without winding around. For the first time in three years Shippers are sending flaxseed to New of the admiralty. Ten battleships, in- -- York via the Erie canal. visiting 848,297. 848,457. 848,615. 845,813. 845,937: 845,949. 846,244. 846,41 2, 847,320. 847,481. 850,967. 851,072. 851,080. 851,111. 851,269. 851,270. 851,389. 850,239 850,246. 850,831. MARINE PATENTS. Means for' Retarding the Movements of Vessels. John Englund, Minneapolis, Minn. Boat Propulsion. James J. Feeny, Saltville, Va. Means for Effecting Escape of Occupants from Sunken - Vessels. Isaac Fripp, Catford, England, assignor to James Watt, Catford, England. Submarine Structure. Max E. Pester, Glen Cove, N. Y. Steering and Propelling Mech- anism for Boats. William H. Fahrney, Chicago, Il.. Steering-Géar. Frank Y.. Har- rison, Detroit, Mich. ~ Hawse-Pipe. Charles Petrie, St. Johns, Newfoundland. Propulsion of Submarine Ves- sels.» Simon Lake, Bridgeport, Conn. Folding Mushroom-Anchor. Charles E. Crane, Lake City, _ Minnesota. Paddle-Wheel for. Boats. "Framtisco D. Joy, Glendora, © Cal, Controlling Mechanism for Submarine Mines. Jean A. Rey, Paris, France. Ship Cleaning Device. Ro- bert B. Crump, Brooklyn, N. Y; Vessel Positioning. Device. Charles B. Erhart, Cincinnati. O., and Edward Galatti, Cov- ington, Ky. : Apparatus for Cleaning Ships. Charles E. Arnold, Brunswick, Ga. Vessel Construction. William W. Wotherspoon, New York, and Robert O. King, North Tonawanda, N. Y. Method of Floating Sunken or Stranded Vessels. © William W. Wotherspoon, New York, and Robert O. King, North Tonawanda, N..Y. Boat Propelling Device. Cam- eron B. Waterman, Detroit, Mich., assignor to the Water- man Marine Motor, Co., De- troit, Mich. Boat' Launching and Stow- ing Apparatus. Fred E. Martin, Oakville, Ont., Can- ada, assignor of one-third to William J. Kivell and two- thirds to Charles H. Riches, Toronto, Canada. Device for Cleaning Ship Bottoms. John H. Pegram, Longspur, Va. Submarine Boat. John J. Harpain, U. S. Navy.