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14 MARINE REVIEW. THE CANADIAN LAKE SUPERIOR REGION. "While it may be possible that on account of glacial erosion the pro- duct of high grade ore in Canada may be less than in the districts of similar size and geological position on the United States side of the boun- dary,' says Mr, C. R. Van Hise in a report on the Lake Superior ore region to the United States geological survey, "it cannot be doubted that in the future important quantities of iron ore will be exploited in the Canadian Lake Superior region. Doubtless, also, this exploitation would have been begun many years ago were it not for the duty which ores mined in Canada must pay when entering the United States." The Vermillion iron-bearing series has been traced to Hunters island. Thence these rocks have been mapped by the Canadian survey as extend- ing first in a northeasterly and then in an easterly direction to the Kamin- istiquia river, and thence eastward to the Keneenawan rocks west of Lake Nipigon. Another great belt of iron-bearing rocks with various ramifica- tions has been traced by the Canadian survey from Rainy lake eastward to the Canadian Pacific railway and to Lac des Mille Lacs. In this belt occurs the so-called Atikokan range, in which large deposits of iron ore are said to outcrop. East and north of the east half of Lake Superior various areas of iron-bearing rocks are also found. One or more belts are said to extend east from Lake Nipigon. A belt is found adjacent to the Black and Pic rivers. Several belts of iron-bearing formation have been found in the Michipicoton district. At the present time the only one of these districts which is an ore producer is the Michipicoton, While this district has not been connected NIAGARA RIVER DAM VIEWED ASKANCE. Buffalo, May 20. It appears that the advocates of the Niagara river dam for raising the level of Lake Erie are still busy giving reasons for their position and from their standpoint they are making out a good case, but they are not meeting the case of the shore resident by a long chalk, as it is quite easy to show. For instance, Buffalo is now fully committed to the spending of about $750,000, as estimated, to abate the floods that are making life a burden and seriously reducing the value of property on lower Buffalo river. Does anyone suppose that this city will permit the building of any sort of structure right at her doors that will make all of this great special outlay useless? Buffalo river flows without much current into the head of Niagara river, so that the dam would have to be built below it. Again there comes the ice problem. Forecaster Cuthbertson called my attention to it the other day by remarking that with an accumulation of ice such as existed this spring and is likely to be in front of the harbor any spring, it would take all of the present narrow connection between lake and river to get rid of it in a fair amount of time. There was so much ice in the way this spring that but for one or two days of east wind that scat- tered it up the lake, where the water was getting warmer, it would easily have been here yet in great part, on account of the prevalence of dry, cool weather so far. The forecaster seems to be of the opinion that it would often be June before the harbor could be opened if a dam was built that would narrow up the outlet to the lake very seriously. Perhaps this objec- tion could be met in some way, but it so often happens that after the other Lake Erie harbors are all open there is a matter of 50 miles of ice the full NEW STEAMSHIP KOREA OF THE PACIFIC MAIL LINE. Built by the Newport News Ship Building & Dry Dock Co., Newport News, Va. areally and structurally with any other area in the Lake Superior region, the likeness in the character of its rocks and its succession to the Vermil- lion district leaves little doubt that the two districts are in most essential points parallel. In the Michipicoton district the basement rock is a green- stone, showing the ellipsoidal structure on the great scale so characteristic of the Ely greenstone of the Vermillion district. It contains substantially all the varieties of material in the iron formation of the Vermillion district, and in addition great quantities of pyritic quartz rock. On the bluff back of the Helen mine and at many other places iron carbonate is abundant. Near the Helen mine Mr. Merriam reports this carbonate as containing 19 to 37 per cent. of metallic iron, These abundant cherty carbonates leave little doubt that the ferruginous cherts, ferruginous slates, jaspers and iron ores have mainly developed from a carbonate as the original rock, pre- cisely as in the various districts south of Lake Superior, However, it is clear that the pyrite of the carbonates and the pyritic quartz rocks have also made contributions. At the present time the iron formation has been developed only at the Helen mine. Here a good body of high grade hematite has been shown by stripping to extend in considerable areas to the rock surface. In 1901, the first year of shipment, 62,000 tons were shipped. The Townsend & Downey Ship Building & Repair Co., Shooter's Island, N. Y., has laid the keels for three new large steel tank barges for the Standard fe, Bach keel is 360 ft'irlength. 7°" | For the first' time since the spring of 1895 a vessel was launched at~ Brewer, Me., last Saturday. She was the new passenger steamer Verona, launched from the Barbour yard. width of the lake to be got rid of before Buffalo is open for navigation. It will hardly pay to make the situation worse, even for the sake of better water in low seasons, especially as Buffalo harbor is now prepared to move out to the lake front if necessary and will do so to a great extent soon anyhow, where there is water "to burn" all the season. With the biggest steel plant in the country already there, prepared to begin operations this year to the annual tune of 1,250,000 tons of steel, another located there and a third one in the air, Buffalo river as a harbor is no longer the whole thing, and its claim as business and residence territory demands more consideration. JOHN CHAMBERLIN. ilar pe The Queen Caroline, just launched from the yards of the Baltimore Ship Building & Dry Dock Co. for the Queen Anne Ferry & Construc- tion Co., is a good specimen of the modern day passenger steamer de- signed for short routes in American waters. She was designed by Mr. Charles Green. Her principal dimensions are: Length between perpen- diculars, 187 ft.; length over all, 200 ft.; beam, molded, 31 ft.; mean load draught, 7 ft. 9 in. The motive power consists of a triple-expansion, direct-acting, inverted engine, having cylinders 16, 25 and 42 in. diameter with a common stroke of 30 in. Steam is supplied by four Scotch boilers, 9 ft. in diameter by 10 ft. long. The steamer will be most beautifully appointed throughout. She will accommodate about 1,000 passengers. The tug Laricaster, built by the William R. Trigg Co., Richmond, Va., for the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., was launched a few days ago, 'The dimensions follow: Length over all, 105 ft.: beam, 22 ft.; depth, 12 ft. 6 in. The next event at the Trigg yard will in all probability be the launching of the government cruiser Galveston.