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20 MARINE REVIEW. UNIVERSAL DRAFTING MACHINE. The machine illustrated on this page is called the universal drafting machine. It is the invention of Mr. C. H. Little of Cleveland and is manufactured by the Universal Drafting Machine Co., Blackstone build- ing, Cleveland. The main claim made for the machine is that it facilitates both design and detail by doing the drudgery part of hand work; work from which the mind is relieved and left free for higher mind work. Summarizing the advantages of the machine the manufacturers say to the draftsman: "You draw your lines and scale them with the same edge at the same time. This saves change of tools. Without the machine you draw with one edge, lay that down, pick up another and scale with that. The saving of time is a third in average work. Angular work is as easy as straight work. You adjust the square to any obliquity, clamp it there, and move it to any part of the board. It is always parallel to itself so long as one adjustment is kept. These two functions of the machine save time to the extent of a quarter to half, and distraction of mind less easy to value. All you have to do is to move the square to the place, and then draw and scale your line; the ruling edges take care of themselves." ae The machine consists of a graduated square having an ac- curate parallel motion about the drawing board. The square is adopted because the work in most drawings consists of sets of lines at right angles. Both blades of the square are grad- uated for drawing and measur- ing lines at the same time. The blades of the square chuck into - place -- interchangeable -- any length and any scale supplied. A straight edge is provided for inking. It may also be used for long lines. This, however, is not necessary, as lines may be quickly and accurately ex- tended with the square. The parallel motion is obtained by, means of two pivoted parallel- ograms, which constitute an arm joining the square to the board. This arm is made flexi- ble, allowing the blades to lie flat upon the drawing. It is hinged at the connection to the joard, and may be easily lifted out of the way of the paper. It may be readily changed oe one board to another. 'he square is moved about the board as easily as though it were not joined to the arm. The whole ma- _ chine is made in a very substantial manner.' There is no play in joints. Compensation for wear is provided. ; a - Sate ry P PARI by oe eth _ THE LEVIATHAN, A GREAT SHIP OF WAR. = Recent tests. of the first-class armored cruiser Leviathan sof 'the Brit- ish navy prove her tgi be, in point of power, the greatest warship afloat. . The full power developed on the eight hours' test was 31,203 I.H.P., while [June 5 the mean speed on four runs over the long deep-sea course was 23.25 knots, The Leviathan is the second of four vessels of the Drake class to successfully pass through her steam trials, the first being the Good Hope. Her length is 500 ft., width 71 ft., and when in fighting trim she will dis- place 14,100 tons, the draught then being 26 ft. The vessel carries 2,600 tons of fuel in her bunkers, and will therefore be able to steam at a cruis- ing speed of 14 knots for 12,500 sea miles without renewing her fuel supply. The propelling machinery consists of two sets of four-cylinder triple-ex- pansion engines; each of the two sets is designed to develop 15,000 I.H.P., steam being supplied by forty-three water tube boilers of the latest Belle- ville economizer type, working at a pressure of 300 lbs. per square inch. All the engine cylinders are fitted with separate liners and are steam- jacketed. The diameter of the high- pressure cylinder is 48% in., that of the intermediate cylinders 71 in., and that of the two low-pressure cylin- ders 81% in., each having a stroke of 48 in. The high-pressure cylinder is fitted with one piston valve of the inside type, the intermediate cylinder is fitted with two piston valves, hav- ing adjustable packing rings, whilst the two low-pressure cylinders are fitted with double-ported flat slide valves, having a special type of relief ring. There are two air pumps on each engine, worked by levers in the usual manner from the main engines. The main condensers are four in number, of cast gun metal, having a collective cooling surface of 32,000 sq. ft. There are two condensers to each set of engines--one forward and one aft, bolted to the back columns and resting on a seat. At the aft end of each engine room is placed an auxiliary condenser, having a cooling surface of 1,880 sq. ft. Under each auxiliary condenser is placed a com- bined air and circulating pump. Wa- ter is circulated through the main condensers by four 24-in. centrifugal circulating pumps, each driven by independent engines, having, in addition to the suctions from the sea, the usual bilge connections. The boilers are placed in four separate compartments, there being in all eight stokeholds running athwartships. The forward group in each boiler room consists of a single row of boilers, and the after group in each. are placed back to back. There are thus forty-three boilers with econo- mizers, namely, five boilers having ten elements, with eight-element economizers; twenty-eight boilers having nine elements, with seven-ele- ment economizers; and ten boilers having eight elements, with six-element economizers, The total heating surface is 71,970 sq. ft., and the grate area 2,310 sq. 'ft., the weight of machinery being approximately 2,500 tons. _ The armament includes two 9.2-in. guns, sixteen 6-in. guns, and a large number of 12-pounders and automatic guns, The main and auxiliary machinery and boilers and the magazines are protected by a water line belt ft ft. 6 in. deep, extending over half the .vessel's length, and varying in thickness froim'6 in. amidships to 4 in. at the ends. At the-after end of this beltia 5-in. armored bulkhead is fitted, and 2-in. nickel_steel protective. plating is fitted on the bows. Abaft the screen bulkhead is a protective