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1902.] MARINE REVIEW. oS 25 of the lifting chains were provided with turnbuckles for adjusting the proper length of the same, in order to make the blocks hang level. The ring of the swing chains was hung from a loaded hook attached to the blocks of the hoisting cable. CONCRETE SUPERSTRUCTURE. Much of the timber superstructure damaged by the gale of Nov. 21, 1900, was entirely swept down to the water's edge. On other portions the timber walls were left standing in various stages of demolition. Many of the interior cross and longitudinal ties were torn out and much of the stone filling washed out. The cribs had originally been sunk to a few tenths of a foot above water level. The different gales had caused a set- tlement of from 1 to 2 ft., with a probable average of 1.5 ft. These storms coupled with a heavy ice movement also produced a deviation in the aline- ment. The original line was almost perfect, and the greatest movement from it was 2 ft. towards the harbor and 1 ft. towards the lake side, a total variation of 3 ft. between extremes. The settlement of the cribs proved to be an advantage rather than otherwise, the tops of the same in many places closely approximating the required grade line of 2 ft. below mean lake level. After a section of timber superstructure had been wholly removed to the crib level, the tops of the tribs were prepared for the reception of the concrete blocks. Where the cribs were too high for the established grade, the timbers were trimmed down. When too low, they were shimmed up by planking thoroughly spiked to the underlying timber. Owing to the deformation of the lake and harbor faces of the original crib substructure by the various gales, it was not possible to preserve a straight alinement for the new concrete superstructure. An accurate survey of the position of the cribs was made from the plan of which the lines of the new structure were determined. The concrete blocks were set in place by large floating derricks, ex- pressly built for this work. No fixed procedure was followed in setting | the blocks, the condition of the prepared foundation generally governing this. After sufficient blocks necessary for a complete section had been placed, the work of placing the mass concrete was commenced. The ban- quette sections were invariably constructed first. The concrete mixing plant is a floating one, an old dismantled schooner, the Tracy J. Bronson, built in 1857, being utilized for the installation of the mixer, engines, boilers and derricks. The same material, scows and canal boats were used as for the concrete blocks. In making the mass concrete the mixer boat was moored alongside the breakwater, always with the starboard side towards the same. The canal boat containing the broken stone was moored on the port side of the mixer boat, and the scow, containing cement, gravel and sand, on the outside of the canal boat (see Fig. 9). The details for handling the concrete ingredients and mixed concrete were similar to those employed on the concrete dock, with the only excep- tion that two derricks instead of one were used, one derrick handling exclusively the cement, sand, gravel and broken stone, and the other the mixed concrete. The mixed concrete, after passing through the mixer, was deposited in a steel skip or box which rested on a small railway car, and which after being run from under the mixer was swung by the derrick onto the work and back again. The proportions of the various materials composing the mass con- crete were identical with those of the concrete blocks, except that they were mixed in larger quantities, these being exactly one-half greater. The quantities for one batch were as follows: 5.4 cu. ft. of cement, equal to six bags, or 1% barrels; 5.4 cu. ft. of gravel, equal to two small wheel- barrow loads; 10.8 cu. ft. of sand grit, equal to three large wheelbarrow loads; 21.6 cu. ft. of unscreened broken stone, equal to one whole steel bucket; total 48.2 cu. ft. The contractors were the Buffalo Dredging Co. of Buffalo. Owing to the great strike of machinists in the spring of 1901 the company was greatly delayed in getting its plant ready for the work. This and various other causes prevented the company from fully completing the work dur- ing the season of 1901, but all the cribs were covered and left in good condition for winter, and the work was finally completed on May 12, 1902. SHIP YARD NOTES. Work will shortly be started at the Perth Amboy Ship Building & Engine Co.'s works, Perth Amboy, N. J. It is reported that arrangements have been made with the Eastern Ship Building 'Co., New London, Conn., whereby the Perth Amboy company will take care of its overflow work. In a few days the new vacuum dredge Patapsco, built by the Mary- land Dredging & Contracting Co., Baltimore, will be ready for a test of her capacity. The hull, built by Thomas McCosker & Co., Baltimore, is 90 ft. long, 32 ft. wide and is constructed of the heaviest select timber. At Bath, Me., last week the three-masted schooner Fairfield was launched from the yard of G. G. Deering. She was built for H. Weston & Co. of Jacksonville, Fla., and will be used in the lumber trade. Her dimensions are: Length, 159.8 ft.; breadth, 35.4 ft.; depth, 13 ft. 5 in. The Weetamoo, a steamer built for the Woodsum Steamboat Co. by Sinn & Page of Baltimore, Md., was launched at Lake Sunapee Station, N. H., last week. The Weetamoo is of steel throughout, has a length of 55 ft. and a beam of 12 ft. The Clyde line has decided to lengthen its two steamers, the Apache and Arapahoe, 60 ft. The business of the company is growing rapidly. Work is now being rushed on the new steamer for the company at Cramps, Philadelphia. The Nilson Yacht Building Co., Baltimore, Md., will build a steam yacht of 125 ft. length for Mr. R. P. Hart of New York. Mr. Hart is a retired cattle raiser, well known in yachting circles. Keel for a five-masted wooden schooner to be built at Camden, Me., for Capt. J. G. Crowley of Boston has been stretched and the work of putting up the frames will begin immediately. The Townsend & Downey Ship Building & Repair Co., Shooter's Island, N. Y., will shortly add a new floating dry dock to its equipment. It is understood that the Merchants & Miners' Transportation Co. of Baltimore is in the market for two new steamers. Moran Bros. 'Co., Seattle, Wash., will do some repair work upon the transport Dix before she sails for Manila. RETIREMENT OF BRIG. GEN. CHARLES BIRD. Brig. Gen. Charles Bird, in charge of the transport service of the war department during the war with Spain, having reached the age of sixty-four years, has just been placed on the retired list. Gen. Bird's record is a notable one throughout and few officers have lived a more strenuous life. He was brevetted four times for gallant service during the civil war and went through the last part of"it with a wound in the groin, which had passed through the entire body, still open. In 1895 he was transferred to duty in the office of the quartermaster general in this city, and placed in charge of the supply and transportation branch. On the breaking out of the Spanish war he was put in special charge of the division of water and rail transportation, during which time he organized and was directly in charge of the new branch of the quartermaster's de- partment known as the transport service. As such he was responsible for the movement of troops by rail and by transports to our various island possessions. , The transport service consisted of twenty-six owned vessels, pur- chased from various parties, and 112 chartered transports. The troop transports, especially those owned by the government, were fitted up in the most improved manner for the comfort of the troops, the fittings in- cluding sleeping apartments, galleys, lavatory, bathing and water closet facilities, electric, ventilating and refrigerating plants. This transport service has become so complete that is is the pride of the army and a surprise to the principal nations of the world, many of them having sent representatives to examine the ships, and upon request they have been furnished with plans and specifications of the same. The transport service has carried to and from our island possessions about 358,000 officers and soldiers, 30,000 civilian employes, 58,000 animals. 255,000 tons of forage, hay and oats and 644,328 tons of freight and 4,739,870 packages and pieces of baggage. Of all the officers, soldiers and civilian employes carried the records show that not one has been injured on account of navigation or owing to faulty construction of the fittings of the ships. In addition to handling troops by water Gen. Bird has been in charge of the railroad division of the quartermaster's department, which moved during and since the Spanish war about 788,000 officers and men, 141,000 animals, and 1,400,000 tons of supplies. _ Officials of the Lake Shore Engine Works, Marquette, Mich., have just been advised by the secretary of the South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition that they have been given a certificate of award and gold medal for the "Superior" gasoline engine. This award was given to the Lake Shore company on the simplicity of construction, the sureness of action of the engine, the- perfection of build, and the large horse power developed in small space, and for minimum weight. The Lake Shore also received a very complimentary testimonial front the board of award, speaking of the general excellence and merits of the engine. This award was granted in competition with a dozen or more of the most prominent makes of engines manufactured in the east and west, both four-cycle and two-cycle. "Steel Ships Their construction and maintenance." tr A valuable work, just from the press, by Tuomas Watton, Author of 'Know Your Own Ship." fr Not highly technical, but well suited to Ship Superintendents, Marine Engineers, and students of ship construction. ra a ReGR VES G Made of Gun Metal, are unsurpassed wherethorough reliable service is the first requi- site. Inscrew and flange ends for 200 and 850 lbs. working pressure, % inch up. A trial order demonstrates their peculiar fitness and invariably re- sults in their adoption. These valves are extensively used and in continuous ser- vice in the United States Navy, locomo- tives, lake and river boats, high-pressure power plants, etc. Specify Lunkenheimer Make with steel from its crude state tn ore to finished product in ship material. Then follows chapters dealing with principal structural fea- tures and alternative modes in which a vessel may be built. Lar- gest section of the book treats in detail of the construction and combination generally of the various parts which go to make up the whole ship structure-- CoA Tea TAL] feng, plating, stern franes and rudders, riveting, pumping CINCINNATI, -U. = 2. and ventilation, and includes Branches: 26 Cortlandt St., New York. also remarks upon launching. 35 Great Dover St. London, S.E. PH TU ; Write for Catalog ce $5.50 - NTRODUCTION deals THE MARINE REVIEW PUB, CO. CLEVELAND, oO,