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1902] MARINE REVIEW AND MARINE RECORD. 27 A plate was tap-bolted over the small crack in bottom. The creak D E was repaired by brass plates, tap and through-bolted which show in the photo prints. The stress being relieved by collar Repaired Cylinder ready to be hoisted into the steamer. bolts and screw stays as shown at H and A, Figs. 3 and 4. The cross hatching show where collar bolts are fitted in the flange. While the cylinder was being repaired in the manner described, new cylinder head, piston rod, packing, follower, etc., were made and fitted. There was a slight set in the steel piston which was removed by reboring and returning. On the fourteenth day after the commencement of the job the repairs were completed, a dock-trial made of the engine and the steamer was ready for service, but, owing to its being her day Another view Of the repaired Cylinder. for leaving Detroit she did not go into service until the following day when a trial run was made at full boiler pressure. All joints were found to be tight, everything worked perfectly and she has since made her runs regularly. Great credit is due Mr. William England and Mr. James Hunter for the rapidity with which they disconnected the engine, removed the cylinder to the shop, and replaced it in the steamer after repairs and connected engine ready for service. WHAT IS CLAIMED IN THE COLLISION CASES. Three disastrous collisions have occurred so for on the great lakes this season, each resulting in a total loss of one of the ves- sels. attended in two instances with loss of life. It is interest- ing to note what the lawyers on both sides are claiming in the court proceedings. The George G. Hadley and the steamer Thomas Wilson collided off Duluth on June 7 in broad daylight. The Wilson was sunk and nine of her crew drowned. The Hadley was also badly damaged. The City of Venice and the Canadian steamer Seguin collided in the middle of Lake Erie on Aug. 5 on a per- fectly clear and calm night. The City of Venice was sunk and three of her crew drowned or killed in the wreckage. The steamers Fred Pabst and the Henry J. Johnson in a heavy fog came together a few miles below Nine-Mile point, Lake Huron, resulting in a total loss of the Johnson. No pleadings have been filed or hearings had as to the latter collision, and a state- ment of the facts as definitely claimed by the parties is. there- fore, not accessible. In the Hadley-Wilson colllsion it is claimed for the Hadley that as she was proceeding into Duluth and heading for the piers, she received orders changing her destination to Superior, whereupon she starboarded and blew two blasts to the Wilson, out-bound; that as the Wilson did not answer or give any signal but herself began to swing to starboard, the Hadley stopped and backed strong, but that the Wilson continued at full speed swinging to starboard, and before the way of the Hadley could be overcome the vessels came together, the Hadley striking nearly at right angles, resulting in the singing of the Wilson and in badly damaging the Hadley. The collision occurred some oe outside of the piers and perhaps a thousand feet south- erly. { For the Wilson it is claimed that as they left the piers they. made the Hadley coming in, but her course was so far northerly of the Wilson's that a passing signal was not blown to her; that the vessels continued and were about to pass safely port. to port when the Hadley swung or sheered sharply to port toward the course of the Wilson; that thereupon 'the Wilson's wheel was put hard aport and her speed continued as the only way to avoid collision, which, however, resulted as stated. Proceedings for limitation of liability were instituted at Duluth by the owners of the Hadley, in which she with her pending freight were appraised for about $24,000, for which bond was given. In the Seguin-City of Venice collision it is claimed for the City of Venice that they were proceeding from the Southeast shoal on the Buffalo course when they made the Seguin, up- bound, on an opposite parallel course, well on their starboard hand; that at a considerable distance away the Seguin's red light closed and the steamers were about to pass starboard to starboard without risk of collision when the Seguin began to swing to starboard, whereupon the Venice sounded a signal of two blasts, but as the Seguin continued to swing, the Venice re- versed and backed strong, also sounding an alarm signal; that the Seguin continued apparently at full speed and crushed into the starboard side of the City of Venice, so damaging her that she sank in a very few minutes. For the Seguin it is claimed that they were on their regular course from Long point to Southeast shoal when they made the lights of the City of Venice ahead and a long distance off, see- ing both green and red; that the Seguin's course was altered to starboard until these lights bore somewhat on her port bow, and the courses of the vessels were such that they would pass a safe distance port to port; that as they approached, the helm of the Seguin was slightly ported and they were about to pass without risk of collision when the Venice blew a passing signal of two blasts and began to swing to port and toward the Se- guin; that the Seguin promptly starboard, reversed and backed strong, but the steamers were so close together that it was im- possible to avoid collision. ' . For both vessels it is claimed that the night was clear; they saw the lights of the other a long distance off. Each claims that from a condition of entire safety risk of collision and collision were produced by the wrongful act of the other; the City of Venice claiming that the Seguin ported into her from a safe posi- tion on the Venice's starboard bow, the Seguin claiming that the Venice starboarded into her from a safe position on the Seguin's port bow. 'The Seguin was libeled at Cleveland for $114,101.32; limited liability proceedings were instituted and her value fixed at $51,200. DEVIATION TARGETS. While in Canada last week President Livingstone and Treasurer McKay of the Lake Carriers' Association became very much interested in targets that have been set up by the Canadian government for the purpose of permitting vessel masters to test their compasses. Capt. McKay has brought the matter to the attention of the hydrographer of the navy through Mr. A. Dovale, nautical expert in charge of the Cleve- land branch hydrographic office. It is proposed that the tar- gets be located at two points on the lakes-Straits of Mackinaw and Sault river. The necessity for two sets is that some ves- sels seldom go to the Sault and others seldom go to Lake Michi- gan. There does not seem to be any good location south of these points where all vessels could be accommodated. -- The idea, 'as Mr. Dovale explains it to the hydrographer, is to have the targets placed on the magnetic meridian, so that ships may be headed, on the: different courses and the duration taken'at once. The targets could consist of poles, each set. with its corresponding ones in the opposite quadrant, to be painted or marked alike. Thev might -be painted white with rings at different heights. _ Where the shore is too far off the targets on that point could be left out, provided a stern range could be taken. Owing to the fact that Azimuths are not generally used on the lakes, on account of not being understood, and because ships are often in port or in a river at the most convenient time for observations, and on account of the different iron ore, coal and other cargoes carried, it is thought that a vessel could in passing take her deviation on the courses required for the particular cargo she might have on board, and for which her compasses had not been corrected before.