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26 has steam cylinders of 4.96 in. and pump cylinders of 2.99 1n.; stroke, 5 in. 'There are two Purcels furnaces, each having a sepa- rate combustion chamber. Each furnace has two burners placed on each side and above the furnace door. On the two other sides, however, they are placed in another separate door, which takes the place of the regular furnace door. gee : Fig. 2 shows: A, astatki burner, under which is a reservoir for collecting the astatki leaking out of the burners; B, fireproof bricks against the lower fire bridge; C, plate closing up the ash pit; D, air box which can be opened at the top; E, iron channels through which the air enters; F, hollow tube covered with mica for observing the flame; G, plate which causes the air coming through the channel E to be heated by forcing it to come to the fire bars. Fig. 3 shows how the fire bars are covered with cast iron plates. The middle plate projects about 7.89 in. in order to allow the entrance of air in the neighborhood of the fire bridge. Ex- perience has shown the usefulness of this arrangement. Fig. 4 shows a section of a-burner. The opening has a diameter of 0.04 in. 'The needle, which can be moved, has near its end a thread which gives the outflowing astatki a rotating metion. Fig. 5 is the astatki filter, and at the same time a he'ter. The astatki is pressed in and comes into the central tube, which has many openings and which is surrounded by a copper gauze tube. These two tubes can be taken out when cleaning is needed. The double cylindrical wall which runs around the center body gets the steam for heating the as- tatki, and is connected with the ex- haust steam pipe of the astatki pump. The astatki is used as follows: The pump draws it from one of the tanks and through a heater, which is like that described, but without copper gauze. It passes then through the pumps and is then pressed through the filter heater to the burners. On the other side, where the astatki leaves the pump, there is an air box in order to obtain a regular pressure. The pressure side of the astatki pipe is connected through a valve with a spring with a drawing slide, so that the pres- sure of the pipe leading to the burner can be regulated, for which a meter is placed on the steam pipe which heats the astatki. In order to fire with astatki the following is done: First, steam is raised with coal or wood, so as to run the astatki pump. 'This can be done with or without the iron plates placed on the grates. When steam is raised, then the fires are drawn out, the iron plates, if not ps Kl - SSS ll SSS Lid A ade LL Fig. 5. yet put in, are placed with the center plate as indicated, the dampers are placed before the ash plates, the levers of the air boxes opened, the astatki pump started, and the burners opened and lighted. All grates in the fire doors, dampers, and around the burners are to be kept open. gives good results. The astatki is stored in the side bunkers. It is brought in place with the above-mentioned duplex steam astatki pump, which also mey pump out the tanks in case of fire. It can also be used as a bilge pump in case the astatki may have leaked out in the Opening the doors a little MARINE REVIEW AND MARINE RECORD. [Oct. 9, boiler room. 'This is the same pump which brings the astatki to the burners. Within about one hour firing with coal can be replaced by firing with astatki, and during that period firing with one furnace can be continued. In this case the speed of the ship was 7.5 knots; maximum speed about 11 knots, with about 520 I. H. P.. Each ship carries about 78 tons of coal, divided between two side and one cross bunker. The side bunkers are used for storing astatki. The Dutch East India Co. also made modifications in the Korting system, as a result of its experiments. This powerful eee has a very large fleet in the Dutch East Indies, and in view of the abundance of astatki there (Sumatra) a series of trials were made by them which ended in complete success. The Vdd WH, ou wig ff Fig. 6. developments of this system of astatki burning are practically made in three stages. One of the three furnaces of a boiler for the steamer Brower was built up as shown in Fig. 6, according to plans furnished by Korting of Hanover. The grates are almost entirely covered by bricks, only forward is an opening through which the air enters. It can also enter through the opening covered by a shut- ter in the furnace door. The top of the furnace is covered with brick, in order to prevent the flames from cooling off, and on the bridge is also a brick wall with openings. Two Korting burners are placed in the fire door. The results were not bad, but the smoke was very heavy, and the fire-door became red hot. It was then tried to admit air in several other places in the center and aft of the grates, even aft of the bridge. Also the grates were covered entirely with round bricks, in order to get a great many smooth openings; but the smoke remained very heavy. That this was not caused by lack of air was evident, because the smoke remained the same with everything open as it was with the grates covered for three-fourths of the total surface. If this incomplete combustion was not caused by the quantity of air, it could be attributed only to a low temperature at which the combination (air and astatki) took place. The engineer in charge, Mr. Kloos, then tried to heat the air before it came in contact with the astatki. He placed a plate in the furnace by which the air was brought to the rear end of the astatki. On the grates he placed another plate which, covering everything aft, left an opening forward. This plate became red hot by the flames, the air passing underneath it became warm, and then came in contact with the astatki. The result exceeded expectations. At the top of the furnace no smoke could be seen. As a consequence, a system has been built up based on the same principle. Fig. 7 shows the furnace as it is built now. In the place of fire bars a cast iron floor is laid, smooth on the top but provided heey ie a ee eg Bie Tce eat en rere Te -- 3 rst -------- = ieee ore - Oo --_-- |---- pneas= i T We [SS ro ae SS t ie [= os oy eee : SS 4 a, San, oS Fig. 7.