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The normal displacement of the Tennessee class is 14,500 tons an increase of 6 per cent. over that of the Pennsylvania class of six vessels now building of 13,680 tons. Certain features of the new designs have permitted this increase to be almost wholly devoted to armament and armor, thereby producing, at slight ad- ditional cost, very much greater military power. The addition to the weight of guns and ammunition carried amounts to 20.7 per cent. over that on the Pennsvlvania class, and produces an increase in the weight of one discharge of the battery, amounting to 47.4 per cent. The increase in the weight of pro- tection carried amounts to 30 per cent. of that on the Penn- sylvania class, and is devoted to an increase in the armor on the turrets and the redoubts of the 1o-in. guns, which replace the 8- in. guns in the forward and after turrets on the Pennsylvania class, and to an increased area of side armor, affording ample protection to the magazines and the supply of ammunition to all guns, and also to a complete subdivision of the main battery by armor bulkheads. The estimated speed of the Tennessee class is 22 knots, the same as the design speed of the nine cruisers now building of the Pennsylvania and Wi. Louis classes, and will be affected without an increase in machinery weights. These vessels will be ex- ceeded about a knot in speed by a few foreign armored cruisers. but if their designs had been made upon the prime requisite of speed superior to all vessels of this category, it would have been necessary to sacrifice the batterv and protection now assigned which enables them to present a heavy preponderance of battle power over any armored cruisers yet designed elsewhere, and also enables them to deal on occasion with a large proportion of existing battleships. The following are a list of the contract plans: Scale. Scale. 1. Sheer draught .... % in. 11. Compartment plan .1-16in. 2. Midship section .... % in. 2 Coaling arrange- 3. Outboard profile .. 4 in. ment, type plan ....1-16in. 4. Inboard profile # a 13. Ammunition handling, Bec BAOUG cer aes ale on Y% in. t 1 . ; woe planes 1-16 in. Lower platform... lg in. g 6. Upper platform ..... 1% in, 14. Magazine stowage, : Protective deck ...... i in. type plans rh teen ue Y% in. ¥. Berth deck. 6s, in. 15..12nchs, turtet, type... | Gun, deck scien; 1% in. PLAN. eee ee nee 1 In. SO -Main: deck \.-0 icant in. 16. 8-inch turret, type Upper deck sie et IZ in. Plan ae ee ae Y% in. Brides secus ear: % in, 17. 7-in. gun port, type 9.-Cross-sections <2) Y in. plan 90 pergisns, 34 in. to. Bodv plan of traces 18. 3-in. gun port and of decks, plate edges, sponsons, type plan... 34 in. longitudinals, etc .... 4% in. 19. Armor and armament in. In addition to the above there will be issued for the guid- ance of confractors, ventilation, type plans, of %-in. scale and drainage type plans of 1%4-in. scale, also such other plans devel- oped from the contract plans and specifications as may be consid- ered desirable. PARTICULARS OF UNITED STATES BATTLESHIPS CONNECTICUT AND LOUISIANA. Measurements. Length over oll... 8 i 456 ft. 4 in. Lenoth on load water line. 3;. 6... ca 450 ft. o in. readin, .éxtreme oe oe ae 70 ti. 30 Ws Mean draught to load: water lin€... . 45 2A Tt. 6 in. Maximum draught at fill load. 22.0.3 au. 20-40, oO: in. Displacement to load water line, 16,000 tons; full load, 17,770 tons. Freeboard, minimum at full load forward, 18 f..3.in.c-ath 17 Th oie Notmal coals 8.05 i ee goo tons. 'Tons per: inch. at load water Jine.0. : 6.5 «2.2.45 63.16 tons. Moment to change trim one inch at load water Hine oe es ee ees 1,544 ft. tons. Trans. G. M. normal load, 4.42 ft.; long G. M., 521.22. it; ; Range stability. normal load... 3.05 223450.- a 68 degrees 18 in. Angle maximum stability. ...40 55-22) ie 39 degrees 21 in. Area of rudder, 288 sq. ft.; type, balanced. Propelling Machinery. Engines, No. 2; type, vertical triple-expansion. Diametes cylinders, high pressure, 32% in.; intermediate pressure, 53 in.; low pressure, two of 61 in. Stroke, 48 in.. Screws, No. 2. Boil- ers, No. 12; type, Babcock & Wilcox. Grate surface, total, 1,100 sq. ft.; heating, 46,750 sq. ft. Steam pressure, designed, 250 lbs. at engines, 265 lbs. at boilers. Trial.--Designed speed, 18 knots; trial speed, forced draft, indicated horse power, 16,500. Complement. Admiral, 1; chief of staff, 1; captain, 1; wardroom officers. 19; junior officers, 10; warrant officers, 10; crew, 701; marines, 60. 'Total complement, officers, 42; crew, 701; marines, 60. Ordnance. Main Battery.--Four 12-in. breech-loading rifles, 40 caliber ; eight 8-in. breech-loading rifles, 40 caliber; twelve 7-in. rapid-fire, 45 caliber. 1902.] MARINE REVIEW AND MARINE RECORD. = ane Secondary Battery--Twenty 3-in. rapid-fire, 50 caliber; twelve 3-pounders, S. A.; six I-pounders, automatic; two 1-pounders, S. A.; two gatling, .20 caliber; six automatic Colts, -30 caliber; two 3-in. field guns; torpedo tubes, none. Ammunition--12-in. rounds per gun, 60; 8-in. rounds per un, 100; 7-in. rounds per gun, 100; 3-in. rounds per gun, 300; 3-pounder rounds per gun, 600; 1-pounder rounds per gun, 960 ; .20 caliber automatic. 2 Protection. Armor.--(a) Water-line belt, top, 11 in.: bottom, 9 in., de- creasing to 9 in., 7 in, 5 in. 4 in. (b) Upper casemate 7 in.; lower casemate, 6 in. (c) Upper athwartship, 7 in.; lower athwartship, 6 in. (d) Barbettes, 12 in., 10 in. and 7% in.; 8 in, 6 in. and 4in.; sponson, 2in. (e) Turrets, 12 in--12 in. and 8 in.; 8 in--6™% in. and 6 in.; diagonal, none. (f) Conning tower, 9 in.; signal tower, 6 in. (g) Tube, 6in. Protective deck, - ia Ht Slopes, forward, 2% in.; midship, 2% in.; aft, 2% in; at, T in; ae © one PARTICULARS OF UNITED STATES ARMORED CRUISERS TENNESSEE AND WASHINGTON. Measurements. Dengih over al 504 ft. 6 in. Length on load water line....... Be cee eee 502 ft. o in. Breadth Gsctheme i o5 6 ee 72 ft. 10% in. : Mean dradcht to load water line'... 455.5... 25. 1t..0 i. Maxnman draught at full load. 7.3. :..0. 0. ee EO th Displacement to load water line, 14,500 tons; full ee load, 15,950 tons. - Freeboard, maximum at full load forward, 21 ft. 2°} ait,18 it: 6 in, NGimaALCOah Se fe eee a 900 tons. 'Tous: per inely at load. water lites.....°...0 2 2. 59.70 tons -- Moment to change trim one inch at load water line 1,483 ft. tons. 'Frans... G, .M> normal-load,. 3.30 ft.; long G M. 616.25 ft. Range stability, normal load, 72 degrees, approxi- mate; angle maximum stability, 41 degrees, ap- - proximate. . Area of rudder, 263 sq. ft.; type, balanced. ' Propelling Machinery. Engines, No. 2; type, vertical, inverted, 4-cylinder, triple-ex- pansion. Diameter cylinders, high pressure 38% in. inter- mediate pressure, 6314 in.; low pressure,.two of 74 in. Stroke. 48 in.; Screws, No. 2; diameter, 18 ft.; pitch, 22 ft. Boilers, No. 16; type, water-tube. Grate surface, total, 1,590 sq. ft.; heating, 68,000 sq. ft. Steam pressure, designed, 265 lbs. at boiler, 250 at engine. Trial--Designed speed, 22 knots; trial speed, forced draft. Indicated horse power, trial, 23,000. Complement. Admiral, 1; chief of staff, 1; captain, 1; wardroom officers, 19; junior officers, 12; warrant officers, 10; crew, 754; marines, 60. Total complement, officers and crew, 858, as a flag-ship. Ordnance. Main Battery.--Four 10-in. breech-loading rifles, 4o caliber ; sixteen 6-in. breech-loading rifles, 50 caliber. Secondary Battery.--Twenty-two 3-in. (14-pounders) rapid- fire guns, .50 caliber; twelve 3-pounder semi-automatic guns; two I-pounder automatic guns; two I-pounder rapid-fire guns; two 3-in. field pieces; two machine guns, .30 caliber; six auto- matic guns, .30 caliber; torpedo tubes, none. Ammunition.--10-in, rounds per gun, 60; 6-in. rounds per gun, 200; 3-in. rounds per gun, 300; 3-pounder rounds per gun, 500; I-pounder rounds per gun, 1,380; .30-caliber, automatic. Protection. Armor.--(a) Waterline belt, 5 in.; 3 in. at ends. (b) Case- mate, 5 in. in wake of 3-in. guns; 2 in. N. S. (c) Casemate athwartship, 5 in.; casemate athwartship, 5 in. (d) Barbettes, 7 in. and 4 in.; sponsons, 2 in. N. S. (e) Turrets, 9 in., 7 in, and 5 in.; diagonal, 5 in. (f) Conning tower, 9 in.; signal tower, sin. (g) Tube, 5 in. Protective deck, 14 in. Slopes, forward, 2Y% in. N. S.; midships, 3% in. N. S.; aft, 21%4 in. N.S; flat, tin. Ne S$, : DISCUSSION ON ADMIRAL, BOWLES' PAPER. Prof. Hovgaard thought that the country was to be congratu- lated upon the design for the new cruisers. "There are two points I wish to speak about," said he, "and that is the position of the gun and protection of the gun. The best positions should be utilized by placing the heaviest guns in them. These positions are undoubtedly the end positions, because from them can be ob- tained the best field of view. Guns ought also to be given pro- tection in relation to their importance. The St. Louis class of 9,880 tons carry fourteen 6-in. guns protected only by shields. The British Monmouth class have practically the same displace- ment and carry their guns in twin turrets protected by 5-in. armor. 'The Pennsylvania has two 8-in. guns at end of ship, but the armor does not offer immunity against a derangement of the turrets. The new design of cruisers provides for 10-in. guns well protected and all objection is avoided. Compared with the British Drake class of practicallv the same displacement they show an enormouse increase in power in favor of the American