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20 TAE MaRINE REVIEW -- DEVOTED TO EVERYTHING AND EVERY INTEREST CONNECTED OR ASSOCIATED WITH MARINE MATTERS ON THE FACE OF THE EARTH. Published every Thursday by The Penton Publishing Company CLEVELAND. CHICAGO: MONADNOCK BUILDING. PITTSBURG: PARK BUILDING. : NEW YORK: 150 NASSAU STREET. Correspondence on Marine Engineering, Ship Building and Shipping Subjects Solicited. Subscription, $3.00 per annum. To Foreign Countries, $4.50. Subscribers can have addresses changed at will. casa of advertising copy must reach this office on Thursday preced- ing date of publication. The Cleveland News Co. willsupply the trade with the MARINE REVIEW through the regular channels of the American News Co. European Agents, The International News Company, Breams Building, Chancery Lane, London, E. C. England. Entered at the Post Office at Cleveland, Ohio, as Second Class Matter. MARCH 22, 1906. PRINTED: TIN AN: OPEN. SHOP. THE SHIPPING BILL. Today (Thursday) is the today when every Amer- ican who has the interest of his country at heart should pray for the upbuilding of its merchant ma- rine. Today this great question is to be considered by congress. If there ever were a time to strike a crucial blow for the betterment of oversea conditions, that time is now. Never before has the country been so well informed concerning the necessity of a capa- ble oversea fleet, operating under the American flag, as now. Manufacturers, bankers and farmers have been brought to think acutely upon the subject and series. of resolutions have been adopted by commer- cial bodies in favor of governmental aid to shipping. Nearly all of the great departments of the executive division of our government have publicly declared in favor of the necessity of a merchant marine in the foreign trade. They feel the need of it. The war de- partment, charged with the preservation of law and order: in the Philippines, knows that in the event of a pressing emergency it would be impossible to quick- ly mobilize a force there. Why? Because there are not enough American ships. The postal department knows that service is inefficient to various quarters of the globe. Why? Because there are not enough ocean mail routes. The department of commerce and labor knows that the balance of trade with South America is on the wrong side. Why? Because there are no American lines leading to that country. The bill which is on trial today seeks to remedy all this. Therefore pray! t SCIENTIFIC LAKE NAVIGATION. Lake masters will find much of great interest to them in the course of instruction in lake navigation which will begin in the April 5 issue of the MARINE Review. The course will be simple, practical and easily understood. Mr. Clarence E. Long's reputa- tion as a teacher is the assurance of this. It is not so long ago that it was most difficult to induce lake captains to study true navigation. Being pilots some of them prided themselves on this fact and _persist- ently refused to learn even those simple problems of navigation which would be not only of extreme value to their owners, but to their own professional reputa- tions. Now, all this has been changed within a year back. What is the reason for it? In the first place many of them have learned certain things about navi- gation in a mechanical way, and after applying them have seen their advantage and they have not been slow to improve this knowledge. They have also come to the conclusion that they can learn naviga- tion as well as anyone when it is explained to them in a common-sense way. 'They have always been led to believe that navigation was a most difficult science to learn, and well they might when one con- siders the manner in which it has, in years passed, been presented to them. They have been led to be- lieve that the word "navigation" means navigation as applied on the ocean, finding position from astro- nomical' sights, etc. In the first place they could not see where this knowledge could be practically applied. No study is interesting nor is there much benefit to be derived from it unless it is shown where such knowledge can be and is applied. This has been the great fault of the navigation works of the past. Think of a person taking up the study of navigation and studying all the branches of arithmetic for months without an example or even a mention made of its ap- plication to problems of navigation. True, arithmetic is the foundation of navigation, but unless its applica- tion to navigation is shown at once it becomes dis- couraging even to a student, let alone one who has not done much studying, but is desirous of learning the "whys" of his profession. This is the system that many 'books and schools adopt in the teaching of navi- gation. Is there any wonder then that so many men have a wrong impression of this matter, and are ignorant of the real conditions. Ninety-five per cent of the men sailing boats, as well as the mates, can learn navigation if they just make up their minds to. The Marine Review, in publishing this course of instructions, virtually. offers every man on the lakes and seaboard a course of navigation free of cost. No man can claim that he has not had the advantage of procuring this information simply be-