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renewed vigor. _ horsepower is developed. - construction third, as they attack the packing with With a few minor mishaps the packing is at last home and the gland run into place. Some little delay is caused as the gland nuts have to be fished from the. bilges, - but at last the job is. finished. A few minutes later the third and his mate are removing some of the - superfluous grime from their hands, and the third is saying, "I suppose they'll have kept some dinner for. ae " e Well,' said his. assistant, <"it's a nasty job, packing these glands, and steam on the line. Wasn't the fourth mad?" "Sure," said his superior grinning for the first time that day, "as we queered his watch." : An@ itis. all: in- the: daily life: of the steamship men; always has been, and always will be so long as steam- ships are steamships. Tue "STAND-BY" MAN, A NEW MARINE ' INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. We have lately received from A. B. Collis, Ltd., of Quayside Engineering Works, Bitterne Park, Southampton, a description of their latest engine for use with either paraffine or petrol. This firm has for many years been inter- ested in the design of internal com- -bustion engines for marine purposes 'only, and the present engine is the outcome of its experience in this di- rection. Different sizes of engines are built, ranging in horsepower from 5 to 100; but that which we illustrate in the above engraving is of 10-12 horsepower. An examination of the engraving will show that the engine is of well-proportioned design, and that it possesses several features of iterest. lt is of the two-cylinder type, each cylinder being cast separ- ately. The diameter of the cylinders is 414 in. by 5 in. stroke, and at the normal speed of running, which is 800 revolutions per minute, the designed 10 Engines of greater power than this one run nor- mally at 600 revolutions per minute, a speed which, we believe, is now gen- erally adopted for marine engines of fairly high power. The cylinders are spigoted into the crank case, as this considerably |. simplifies the removal of the cylinder, and does not necessitate the relining of -- the engine again. The valves are both placed on the same side of the cylin- der, are each mechanically operated, and are interchangeable. They are worked in the customary manner by mcans of cams, the pusher end having officer, PumpDis charge a tocylinders--l\ >) Tae Marine. REVIEW a roller to prevent side thrust. One special feature of the valves, which is worthy of particular notice, is that the springs are cased in to prevent the salt atmosphere from having any detrimental effect upon them or the valve stems. The. gear wheels for actuating the half-time shaft are all inside the crank case, and yet are ac- Commutator Lie Sectional Elevation /Pump Suction | : | oo i RS haust nid i | Sulcshe + ' eae | < > MARINE TYPE INTERNAL cessible should: occasion arise. In ac- cordance with the firm's usual prac- tice the bottom half of the crank case and the top half of the bearings are cast in one, and there are large in- spection. doors, one one either side of the crank case, which facilitate the removal of the crank shaft. tt will be noticed that the center line of the crank shaft is in advance of the cylin- der axis, in order to reduce the angu- larity of the connecting rod on the power stroke, and consequently the wear and tear on the cylinder walls. An ordinary plunger pump driven by an eccentric on the half-speed shaft is. used for circulating the cooling water. Particularly long and _-- serviceable ' Pump Discharge Be to Cylinders. A esto se oa A» noah d bearings are provided on the crank shaft, and throughout the engine the bearings are of phosphor bronze. The thrust of the 'propeller is taken through ball. bearings shown on each side of the crank shaft. Splash lubri- cation is adopted inside the crank case, a web round the bottom pre- vents the oil from running back when za a ie Water Outlet "Sparking Plug --x ie a , \ o Ae . ore op Be vaporiser Water Inlet -- "ay . Crank Case, ~ . Inspection Doors . Crank Shaf Bearing. . Valve Spring Covers. . Carburettor . Vepouriser. » Cam Shaft. Sectional Elevation thro"Cam Shaft. COMBUSTION ENGINE. the boat begins to lift. Outside lu- brication is effected either on the Stauffer system, or oil is fed from a box fitted on to the cylinder. As stated at the commencement of the article, the engine is designed to run either on petrol or paraffine, and great attention has been paid to the mixing arrangements, to enable the same carburetor to be used with either kind of fuel. When the en- gine is required to work on _paraffine, a vaporizer is used which is heated by the exhaust gases. When sstart- ing petrol is used until the exhaust has sufficiently heated the vaporizer to disintegrate the paraffine. This is only a matter of a few minutes.