The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

emerge from it in an almost imper- ceptible spray or vapor. 5. The steam should ibe siper-teut. ed before going to the burner. 6. Just the right proportion of air should be admitted to the fire box or combustion chamber 'to completely burn the fuel. Both experience and scientific experiment have laid it down as a general rule, that an excess over the proper amount of air is not only useless but actually exercises a cool- ing effect on the combustion chamber. In the practicability of admitting just the right amount, lies one of the ad- vantages of liquid over solid fuel. 7. The combination heater and pres- sure chamber should be fitted with a proper arrangement of relief valves to permit an excess of oil to return to the tanks. The United States government sev- eral years ago became very much in- terested in this fuel and after making a thorough study of the subject decid- ed to install an oil fuel system in the gigantic hydraulic dredge, General C. 'B. Comstock, built for Gulf of Mexico service. ahe Late-Jones Co. of Pittsburg were awarded the contract due to their peculiar burner which assured maximum results. ' So successful was this that the same style equipment, was specified and in- stalled in the new United States army hydraulic dredge, Galveston. This monster with her 2,000-I. H. P. en- gines was built by the Maryland Steel Co. and is to be placed on duty in'the . Galveston harbor. With the increase of production in crude oil this method of heating will rapidly advance, due to its manifold advantages over coal or other fuels. TRADE NOTES. The C. F. Harms Co., 140 Broad street, New York, 'have advertised their lighterage and towage business by a nautical calendar, giving morn- ing and evening high water at Sandy Hook and at Governor's Island. The Atlantic Works, Inc. Twenty- eighth street and Gray's Ferry road, Philadelphia, shipped one of their B-17 adjustable bevel band saw machines to the Seaford Marine Railway Co., Inc, Seaford, Del., last week. The single steamship launched was the Belfast, of 2,076 tons, which was built for the Eastern Steamship Co. One of the two six-masted schooners was the Edward B. Winslow, 3,423 tons, the largest wooden schooner afloat. Edward Mehl of Erie, Pa., has ¥ process. THE Marine REVIEW sent out a calendar, the pictorial part of which is a reproduction of a photo- graph of the Philadelphia & Erie ore dock at Erie in 1890. It is very in- teresting. Nearly all the boats lined up lat the dock are wooden schooners. Edward Smith & Co., varnish mak- ers, have removed their main office to their works at West avenue, Sixth and Seventh streets, Long Island City, five minutes from the East Thirty- fourth street ferry. The Vacuum Oil Co., which is the marine end of the Standard Oil Co., has just issued a calendar advertising marine oils. The pictorial part of this calendar is especially fetching as show- ing some of the infinite varieties of woman. The Lavigne Mig. Co., Detroit, Mich., have issued a catalog descript- ive of their quick-opening hot water radiator valves. The catalog repre- sents that these valves are more effi- cient, more durable and more easily operated than valves of any other manufacture. The Atlantic Works, Inc., Twenty- eighth street and Gray's Ferry road, Philadelphia, recently received an _ or- der from the Perine Machinery Co., Seattle, Wash. for one of their B-17 adjustable bevel band saw machines which they sold to Messrs. D. Rohlfs Sons & Co., boat builders, Seattle, Elisha Webb & Sons Co., 136 South Front street, Philadelphia, Pa., ship chandlers and grocers, 'have sent out a calendar for the new year, the dec- Orative part of which is a wreath of holly reproduced in the three-color While very simple it makes a most attractive calendar. The calendar is nautical, giving the changes of the moon and the rise of the tides. During the year in Maine there have been built, or are now building or defi- nitely planned, one steamship, 21 schooners, two tugs and a barge, with a .total tonnage of 20,000. Of. the schooners there were nine four-mast- ers, six three-masters, two six-mast- ers, and one five-master.. The three- masted coasting schooners were also constructed. ITEMS OF GENERAL INTEREST. The Westinghouse Diary for 1909 is just out. Yhis-is the fifth edition of the Diary which has become one of the most popular memorandum books issued by any industrial house. More information of interest to engineers and users of power apparatus is pub- lished in the 1909 edition than in any of the former editions. In addition to the usual interest calculations, ap- proximate values of foreign coins, the construction of a area and population of territories, rates of domestic and foreign pos- tage, population of leading cities, heat- ing value of liquid fuels, strength of materials, weights and measures, met- ric conversion table, there is also in- cluded the following subjects: High Pressure Steam Turbine, Leblanc Con- denser, Low Pressure Steam Turbine, Mechanical Stoker, Mercury Vapor Lamps, Meter Testing, Storage Bat- tery, Single Phase Railway Systems, Tungsten Lamps, Turbo Pumps and Blowers, Westinghouse Nernst Lamps. The British government has recently made arrangements to place orders on the Clyde for work aggregating one and a half million pounds. It is be- lieved that the work is to consist of the cruisers of the Boadicea type. A. C. Brown & Sons, Tottenyille, S. I., N. Y., have been awarded con- tract for the construction of the hull of a tug by the Packard Dredging Co. of New York City. She is to be 100 ft. long, 25 ft. beam and 11 ft. deep. George A. Gilchrist, Belfast, Me, is reported as having a contract for four-masted schooner to take the place of the Frank Barnet, recently burned at sea. She was owned by the George Mc- Queston Co., of Boston, Mass. A two-mile cutter race between crews from the armored cruisers Montana and North Carolina, at Norfolk recently, resulted in a victory for the Montana men. Nearly $3,000 changed hands among the enlisted men aboard the ves- sels as the result of wagers on the race. The California Shipping Co. of San Francisco, one of the largest owners of American sailing tonnage, has announced that it will retire from business and dispose of its properties. The company is at present neaded by Capt. Cyrus Ryder, who succeeded Mr. William Mighell, the latter of whom was for many years president and manager. Sixteen vessels are now owned by this company. The representative of the New York Terminal Co., who has been in charge of the affairs of the Brooklyn Ferry Co.'s Williamsburgh ferries, has giv- en notice to the city of New York that the only terms on which his company would resume the operation of the boats were indemnification against loss of money by the opera- tion and payment of interest accruing on the bonded debt during such opefa- tion. City Comptroller Metz states that there is nothing left for the city to do but to shoulder the loss as the ferries must be kept running.