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18 ashamed of a turbine or any other, en- gine that will show 12.5 lb. per horse- ' power per hour, with steam at 85 per cent moisture. Mr. Crane asked as to the British thermal unit. Due to some misun- derstanding a sample of the coal was not analyzed for ash and moisture, but the calorific value was obtained. The coal contained 14,510 B. T. U. per pound, and Mr. McGregor has as- sured me that that is about the aver- age that they use. Mr. Crane says his coal contained 14,000 B. T. Us and was better than that used by the Metropolitan Steamship Co. I think Col. Stevens' comment that he found tthe' calibration before and after the use of the meter, to vary considerably, is not borne out by any results we 'have had with the meter we used, because we have checked them repeatedly and have never been . able to get any substantial difference. By the way, we have used these me- ters under very severe conditions, and one would naturally think the meter had been overtaxed, and might show appreciable wear, but it does not, and ithe results are substantially the same after as before. The question of coal seems to have caused a good deal of trouble. If the coal curve is taken,.if ordinates are taken during these six hours of the engine tests, they evaporated nearly 11 Ibs., I think it was 10.95, or some- thing of that kind; almost 11 Ibs. of water. The difference between that and this is certainly not very much. 'The low steam pressure has been referred to. We admit this steam pressure is low, but the cause of that was doubtless due in a large measure to inaccuracies of tthe gage. There was a 5-ft. water column, due to the siphon tube that connected the gage to the steam pipe, and between the water pressure and the five-pound -er- ror, as determined by testing the gage, you will see the engine room gage was apparently indicating about seven pounds, more than shown under the test. Another reason for the low steam pressure was due to the fact that the orifice inserted in the blow- er, to get the steam to the blower, was very small. It was figured on the basis that there was 150 lbs. steam pressure, and 2 in. air pressure, and this would have been maintained if we could get pressure up to 150 lbs. There was no reserve to the throttle of the blower engines, which were wide open, and it was impossible for the boilers to take up their steam, or 'actual sea consumption. TRE MarRINE REVIEW there would have been several pounds more. The average pressure read by the gage, and the pressure Mr. Mc- Gregor reports, differs by four pounds during the average of the season, and that four pounds could be accounted for by the low pressure on the blow- ers. The President: Does Mr. McGregor desire to make any further statement? Robert McGregor: In regard to the questions asked by Mr. Stevens and Mr. Taylor, as to the question of the coal consumption, how much coal was used in port and how much in service, I will say that during the season we bought and paid for 21,152 tons of coal for the steamer Harvard, of which 18,957 tons were used for sea use, actual steaming, and 2,225 tons were used in port. It works out at 238 tons per round trip. The coal is received in New York harbor, and by taking the 178 voyages the average amount received per voyage is the average total consumption. I weighed the coal in port at each end, and find the port consumption is 12.5 which subtracted from the amount of coal received, will give the vice. which these boats performed, we have no reasons for cleaning fires at sea, We do not touch the fires or clean them until we get to port the next morning. That would make a slight difference, as we have no ash or weight. Stevenson Taylor: Were these long or short tons? Mr. McGregor: The President: I am sure you will consider the thanks of the society are due to Prof. Peabody and Prof. Leland for this interesting paper. It certain- ly contains a great deal of valuable information. Long tons. The constant criticism which these papers are receiving must be taken as an evidence of our thirst for informa- tion, in. which I join. I would like to ask Prof. Peabody to amend the paper by stating what he means by the draft before the trial. Do you mean drafts at New York or Boston, or the mean of the two? It is also desired to point out that Prof. Peabody is somewhat in er- ror in regard to his statement that no torsion meter is available for use in connection with the reciprocating en- gine. As a matter of fact, the Ger- mans have made considerable experi- ments upon the torque of reciprocat- ing engines, which results have been published. tons, total. On the ser- -- _ district affected. NEW HAWAIIAN SERVICES. Two new steamship lines between Pa. cific coast ports and the Hawaiian Is. lands are at present in the process of organization, both of which lines are to make San Pedro, the harbor of Los Angeles, the chief touching « point on the coast. One of the companies is to be a sub- sidiary of the San Pedro, Los Angeles & Salt Lake railroad and the other is to be established by Los Angeles capital- ists. The new lines are being established to take care of the rapidly growing sugar and canned pineapple traffic' as well as to care for the tourist passen- ger trade and a newly developed mar- ket in the mainland of the United States for railroad ties of a Hawaiian wood known as Ohia: This is a par- ticularly tough wood and the Santa Fe has ordered $2,500,000 worth of ties of this description. The land cleared by cutting the timber is being used for the cultivation of apples. sugar cane and _ pine- ANOTHER DEEP WATERWAY ASSOCIATION. An organization has been effected for the purpose of furthering the projected Toledo-Chicago deep waterway con- necting Lake Erie with Lake Michi- gan. The Waterway Association was organized at Defiance, O., Dec. 29, and is: composed Chicago-Toledo-Cincinnati Deep of congressmen, mayors and representa- tives of commercial associations in the The direct object of the body is to boom the canal project and eventually to ask congress to make an appropriation of $100,000 with: which to make a survey of. the route. Officers were elected as follows: Pres- ident, Congressman T. T. Ansberry, De- fiance; first vice president, Major George B. Fox, president of the Miami and Erie Deep Water Association, Lockland, O.; second vice president,' Perry A, Randall, Fort Wayne, Ind.; third, fourth and fifth vice presidents are to be chosen from Toledo, Chicago and Cincinnati; secretary, Thomas J. Logan, Fort Wayne; executive commit- tee, 15 to be selected from 15 cities and towns along the route of the proposed Toledo, Chicago and Cincinnati ship canal as a committee for next meeting. Perry Randall, Fort Wayne, chairman; committee on resolutions, Harry R. Pro- basco, Cincinnati; Judge Dwyer, Day- fan: Dr. W. D, Harris, Chicago; Com gressman Cyrus Cline, Angela, Ind.