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32 Sirius. Sirius is a southern star and makes his track across the heavens away to the south of us.. He rises in.a south-. easterly direction and sets in the south-': west. The best way to find him isto. that will name the deviation at a glance range down from the 'three center stars shown-in Fig. 49. Sirius 'is so far, south that he is below..'the,, horizon longer than he is above it.. When. he . ison the meridian the is only about one-third of the way up to the zenith (the zenith is the point directly over our heads). Antares. Antares is the most southern star that we have to deal with and makes a very low circle in the sky. It is so far south that it shows above the hori- zon for only about eight hours. It rises in the southeast and sets in the southwest. Antares is in constella- tion Scorpius (the scorpion). This constellation probably does look something like a scorpion. See Fig. 56. * - oe \ -ANTARES x | Ps * * / / % : ee + | : a at Fic. 256. The Constellation Scorpius. The tail, or lower part, sweeps so close to the southern horizon that it cannot always be seen, especially dur- ing the smoky 'season. This constella- tion is so conspicuous that you need no ranges to find it. Get the time of rising and setting from the list and then look for it in the southern skies. The Subject of Applying Deviation. In the. MAring Review for March 1], - on page: 31, figure 25: shows a problem -on-a pelorus slate, The deviation of the compass is shown as 7 degrees. east -but should have been shown as 7 degrees west. This -was' merely an error in writing as the advanced student doubt- less perceives. You port. your boat seven degrees and would swing her THE Marine REVIEW from the course B to the course A. A student is often made to believe that the subject of applying deviation is very. confusing but it has no. terrors for! laké navigators: A simple little pasteboard contrivance is often 'used: and: will also show just which way to swing the ship in order to correct the: course. It can be made in a few min- utes with a little cardboard and a' pen- cil. If you have any doubts as to the correct method of applying deviation you had better make one. After using ite a short time you will not further need it. A description of this little in- strument is given. here. Get two pieces of cardboard and cut them perfectly round. One should be cut a little smaller than the other. Now around the edge of each of these cards mark the degrees, in the same. manner as the outer edge of a pelorus dial is marked, with 0 at north and 180 at south. Fasten the two cards. together, the smaller card on top, see Fig. 57. The degree marks on the card under- neath will show just clear of the edge of the smaller card. Have a: pin 'in the center, so that you can swing the smaller card around. The top card will repre- sent your pelorus or compass, the bot- tom card represents the circle of - the horizon. Now, for example, we will say that you have found that the correct mag- netic bearing of the sun is 129 E. But your pelorus gives a bearing of the sun as 136 E. Now put the 136 on your top card directly in line with the 129 on the bottom card. Now how would you swing the top card in order to make the 129 on the top card correspond with the 129 on the bottom card?: Try it. You would have to swing your ship in just the same direction. Move the lo | TT Ae AT ae CO ~ Soe ps». iN ii ao TTT TET [ oe [| 98 IM LT lob Ts LIS asa TER ea nn SS eT ge iS top card seven degrees to the right and all the figures on the top card will agree with those. on the bottom. 129 on the upper card will. be directly in line with 120 on the bottom.card. . While you. have curate degree marks OE TOP CARD ID LD to twist the upper card to the right, seven degrees, to make it correspond with the lower card you will also have to swing your ship seven degrees to the right to correct your course. ay This little deviation card is Very easily | «made and will prevent you from ever ' applying the deviation the wrong way.' And you can see at a glance whether' the deviation is east or west. You will' notice that 0 on the smaller card is to the westward of O on the larger card. As the smaller card represents your compass this shows you at once that you have westerly deviation. No great pains need be taken to make ac- on these cards. They are used merely for proving your problem and you can write the degrees on easily with a pen or pencil, so long as the degrees are all shown. Try another example: ' Take a bearing of the sun. We will suppose your pelorus shows this bear- ing to be 95. But you find that the correct azimuth is 90. Remember that the upper card represents your pelorus, Qt HIG. 58. the lower or larger card represents the circle of the horizon: Place the 95 on the upper card directly in line with 90 on the lower card, see Fig. 58. One glance at the card will prove to you that the deviation is 5 degrees west and that you must twist the smaller card to the right to correct i, By furniag it five degrees to the right you make the figures cn both cards correspond. By turning your ship five degrees to the right you correct your course. The Darlington Forge Co., Manches- ter, Eng., has secured the contract for furnishing the 160-ton.stern frames and rudder brackets of the White Star Line's new liners Olympic and Titanic, as well as for the immense rudders, weighing 100 tons each. 'These are the heaviest castings ever undertaken anywhere. The lower portion of each rudder frame will be of cast: steel and the other portions of hydraulic-pressed ingot steel.