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April, 1909 struction work, which has just begun, is the use of compressed air for boring, calking, driving spikes, etc. A system of pipes reaching every part of the yard on which the ferries are being built has been _ installed. hese pipes catry air at /Q ibs, per Sq, in...pressure. By means Of foce connections portable tools can be used on any part of the barges. As an illustration of the efficiency of air tools in wooden ship building the writer noted that with an air driven auger eight seconds were required to bore through 6% in, of well seasoned fir timber, The hole was 34-in. in diameter,,.and. to. bore. by hand would have required at least a min- ute. This eight seconds consumed in boring one hole was the time taken from the instant the auger was start- ed until it had gone through the plank, been pulled out of the hole and set ready for the next hole. The actual time going through the tim- ber was not over 4% seconds. Air hammers are also very efficient in driving spikes in cramped quarters under the bottom of the barges, as they lie on the building ways. These car ferries will be handled entirely by tugs. They will be used to connect the-main switch yards with certain mill. spurs: at Ballard and Old Lacoma, Wash, To accommodate the rise and fall of the tide, which amounts to 12 ft., counterbalanced transfer bridges are being built. These consist essentially of a movable bridge hinged at the "THE Marine ReEvIEw GENERAL Layout oF THE Motps AND WaAys FOR THE CAR FERRIES. shore end and supported by cables which run over pulleys on piers at the outer end. The outer end of the bridge is counter weighted so _ that it is only 1,000 Ibs. heavy and can be easily raised or lowered by one man at the windlass. The ferries will cost approximately $20,000 each and will be ready for service June 15, 1909, . . 2 2 The Sailing Schooner J. W. Clise. 2 Motp For FRAMING THE Bow AND STERN OF THE CAR FERRIES. HE THIRD distinctive type of vessel used in the Pa- cific: coast lumber trade 16 the wooden sailing schooner. Very few steel schooners have been built' but a large number of wooden vessels are in the service. As a type they are proven very efficient in the trade in which they are engaged. The standard lumber schooner on the Pacific coast is an 800- ton vessel of four masts, schooner rig, with a cargo capacity of 1,000,000 ft. board measure. We have selected for description, as a representative of this type of vessel, the schooner J. W. Clise, owned by the Globe Navigation Co., -George F. Thorndyke, manager, Seattle. The Clise is a new vessel with all the latest improvements found on any Pacific coast sailing schooner. She is one of a fleet of three sister ships, the other two being the Wilbert L. Smith and the Alex T. Brown. The Smith is 170 ft. long, 40 ft. beam, 848 gross and 710 net tons register, built