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July, 1909 junior. Christian Rasmussen, draughtsman Great Lakes Engineering Works, De- troit, Mich. Those in attendance at the sessions were: President F. T. Bowles, Stev- peoon laylor; W.) J; Baxter, WW. i Babcock, George L. Craig, Robert Lo- gan, John R. Russel, George A. Matt- sson, Samuel Ward Stanton, Charles P Rowland, F. EB. Still, R..o. Laverie, WS Russel J. A. Ubs@ell, Mo We ay, R&R. B. Sheridan, Frederick Met- oa Charles) Wartd, W. G. Coxe, dames M. Smith, Richard P.. Joy, Ogle 1. Warren, Frank E. Kirby, 2. C -Paniow, J. ).) lynn, Daniel E. Lynn, George A. White, B. W. Par- ker, William 'T. White, William Liv- imestone, LL. W.: Taylor, Thomas. J. Kain, George H. Guy, F. C. Reynolds, James E. Davidson, Alexander Hynd, i Silva, 3. W. Kelloggs, fra. W Harris RR Se -Riley, HB. i. Hibbard, We Ge Nickerson, 4J.. J. Crain, luce Hopkins, H. Penton, -T..S. Kemble, J. G Kreer, "E.G. "Todt; Frank Jefirey, A. G. Smith, D. M. Luehrs, Dwight dius Hi. Co. Sadler. HH. ®. Golder, John. Craig, George L. Craig, and Tieut,.. Fe, P..-Gamperio; of. the -Royal Italian navy. Opening of the Sessions. The mornings were devoted to the reading and discussion of papers and the afternoons to pleasure. On Fri- day afternoon the members went to et: Clair flats on the U.S. S. San Juan de Austria, and had dinner at the Old Club; on Saturday afternoon 'TAE Marine REVIEW least three years subsequent to com- missioning shall be considered quali- fied as a marine or mechanical engin- eer within the meaning of article II, paragraph 2 of the constitution." In opening the meeting on Friday morning for the reading and discus- sion of papers, President Bowles said that their first sumer meeting was under most distinguished auspices and that the society would endeavor to show its appreciation, A number of letters of regret were then read by Prof. H. C. Sadler, who acted as sec- retary. . Model Experiments on: Suction of Vessels. The first paper considered was naval constructor D. W. Taylor's -pa- per on "Some Model Experiments on Suction of Vessels," which, in the absence of Mr. Taylor, was read by Mr. Sadler. This paper was as fol- lows: The question of the relative reac- tions of vessels under way and close to one another is one of great com- plication, « That. these reactions are strong is well known and the cases of suction due to them when vessels have made ill-advised attempts to pass others too closely are well known. That the question of suction is not one always involving danger is shown by Fig. 1, which shows a formation used some years ago by United States torpedo boat. destroyers when exercis- ing under way. This figure shows approximately relative positions of the vessels and I am informed by 193 there was more or less_ instability about the reactions involved, it being very hard to tow the models exactly straight, so that the results obtained cannot be regarded as highly ac- curate, but they show tendencies and the general nature of the phenomena very distinctly. Four models were used, all of 3,000 Ib. displacement. Their dimensions, etc., are given below. Table of Model Dimensions and : Coefficients. Wength. of all con water-line. .20.512 ft. Length mean immersed......20.000 ft. Displacement in fresh water.3,000 lb. a ' S ° oO oO 2 « fee oan ee a 2 : a ge Pe Aue Bee e e iS 'S a e/g 5 ae a 3 bes oa 9 3 S q. ho ee ee ae od a ac} an a a8 oO ° ae S| Oo peers 2 = m4 q m4 a 2 ea $34 31692. .1:263 2.92 0.56 0:90... 0.504 838. 3.506. 1.198 2.02 < 0.56°° 1.00. 56 S58 -3.586° 0.957 = 93.75 70.74" 01025 = 0 oes 866 2978 1,235 ~ 2.25 O74 0.985 tear These models were towed in pairs abreast: one another or at . definite distances tahead or astern, In the abreast positions they were towed at various distances apart. For other. positions, the uniform distance apart of their center lines was 3.90 ft., or nineteen-hundredths of the length of the model. While this is quite close, it should be remembered that these experiments were made in _ water many times the draught of the imod-. els and hence the suction effects under given conditions would be less the they went automobile riding in parks and boulevards with tea at the Country Club. _ Aside from the reading of the pa- pers the only business transacted was the adoption of the follow:ng resolu- tion by the cotincil: "Resolved, That any line officer of the navy who has reached the age of 25 years (who has received his first commission subsequent to 1899) and who shall have served afloat for at Lieutenant-Commander Chandler, who was in charge of the squadron, that at times they used this formation at quite high speeds, twenty knots and over. Some experimental investigation of this question has been made at the Model Basin within the last year. The apparatus used was more or less" of an improvised nature. It was found during the experi- ments that as might be anticipated, FIG 1. APPROXIMATE ARRANGEMENT OF DESTROYERS STEAMING IN WEDGE FORMATION than if the water had been shallow as is usually the case when suction phenomena are of importance in con- nection with actual ships. The pulls or repulsions were meas- ured at two points, near the bow and near the stern, as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5. It was found that within the limits of error the forces acting for a given relative location of the models varied with speed as the resistance of the model. This fact