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November, 1909 TAE MarRINeE REVIEW The Canadian Ice-Breaker Earl Grey HE success of the Canadian ice-breaking and survey steamer. Lady Grey,. ¢om- pleted three years ago at the Vickers works, Barrow-in-Furness, has encouraged further development in the same direction. This earlier vessel, Lady Grey, has done excellent work in breaking up the ice in the St Lawrence river, and when not thus engaged has performed various duties associated with the marine and fisheries board. The Canadian government in consequence decided to order another and _ larger vessel, and there has just been deliver- ed to the government of Canada a ward island and the mainland when 10t otherwise required. The Northum- berland straits, across which she will thus trade, is, in the winter season, blocked by pack-ice, and the vessel has been built with 'scantlings and other features to enable her to cut her way through the ice-floes, as well as to -as- sist in keeping the Gulf of St. Law- rence open to navigation. Thus shell plating is thicker than usual, and the outer skin is doubled along the water line right fore and aft, and to the keel in the forebody, where the friction of the ice tends to wear away the material faster than in ordinary the - 433: in. notwithstanding that the vessel is only 250 ft. long, 47 ft. 6 in. beam, and 26 ft. 6 in. molded depth. On the official trials this speed, and the other requirements in respect of rapidity of manetivering and variationin trim were excelled. On one of the trials the speed was 18.44 knots. The first of the trials consisted of a series of progress- ive speed double-runs on the measured mile on the Clyde, from 10 knots to ap- proximately the full speed, the maxi- mum on this series being 17.739 knots with 6,985 I. H. P. The vessel was next required to steam six hours at full speed; but before running on this test, six runs had to be made on the mile, The mean result was 17.94 knots, the speed on two runs being 18.001 THE steamer which has been designed and built by Messrs. Vickers Sons & Max- im, Ltd., of Barrow-in-Furness, to play many parts. The Earl Grey has all the qualities in respect of - appearance which are desirable in a private yacht, having a fine shear, a cut-water stem, a short bow-sprit, an elliptical stern, two pole-masts "with considerable rake and « Schooner rigged. She has the appear- ance and dignity justifying her use by the governor general of the Dominion. In addition to the internal accommo- dation for the vice-regal party, she has admirably arranged quarters for 5! first-class, and 20 second class passen- gers, co that she may be utilized in the important service between Prince Fd- CANADIAN IcE-BREAKING STEAMER, EARL marine practice, specially large tanks are provided fore and aft with extra. increased - powerful pumps, so_ that weight can be quickly provided to en- able the forefront, or stern, after it has mounted the ice, to break through it by downward thrust. The rudder takes the form of the hull, so that the movements of the ship ahead or astern, will not in any way be impeded by the ice-floes. Speed Trials -of the. Earl Grey. All these special 'conditions added to: the difficulty of attaining high speed. The Vickers company however, guaran- teed 17 knots on a displacement of 3,400 tons with a draught of 17 ft. 7 GREY. é knots with 7,578 I. H. P. at 125 revolu- tions. The average speed on the six hours trial, reckoned on _ revolutions, was close upon 18 knots, or a nautical mile per hour in excess of the speed expected by the Canadian authorities. For ice-breaking purposes the power guaranteed was 6,000 I. H. P. and this was exceeded by 800 I. H. P. The turn- ing and_ manuevering trials were car- ried out to the satisfaction of the rep- resentatives of the Dominion govern- ment. The machinery is of the triple- "expansion three-crank type, and in the design the heavy stresses to which the vessel will be subjected in ice-breaking have had special consideration. Con- sequently, the shafting and the work-