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May, 1910 Excavation. The total excavation, dry and wet, for the canal, as originally planned, was estimated at 103,795,000 cu. yds., in ad- dition to the excavation by the French companies. Changes in the plan of the canal, made subsequently by order of the President, increased the amount to 174,666,594 cu. yds. Of this amount, 89,794,493 cu. yds. were to be taken from the central division, which includes the Culebra Cut. Active excavation work on a large scale did not begin till 1907, when 15,765,290 cu. yds. were removed. In 1908, over 37,000,000 cu. yds. were removed, and in 1909, over 35,000,000, making a total for the two years of over 72,000,000 cu. yds. or a monthly average for those two years of 3,000,000 cu. yds. The total for these two years was nearly one-half of the entire ex- cavation for the canal. Qn Apri f 1910, the excavation exceeded 103,000,- 000 cu. yds., nearly the entire amount called for in the original plan. Records of all excavation to April 1, 1910, are appended: TAE MaRINE REVIEW Canal Appropriations and Expendi- tures, Appropriations. Payment to the New Panama Canal Co; sen Ssies neste es $40,000,000.00 Payment to Republic of Panama 10,000,000.00 Appropriation fOr 1902 Ae. 10,000,000.00 Appropriation fOf 1906. ere, 11,000,000.00 Deficiency : for: A906). ne. 5,990,786.00 Appropriation for 190/76. a) ase. 25,456,415.08 Appropriation for: 1908. ev. 27,161,367.50 Deficiency : for, 1908. oe. 12,178,900.00 Appropriation TOL 1909 ey 29,187,000.00 Deficiency eiOT 21900 ku scnas 5,458,000.00 Approptiation for, 1910.22). 3.) 33,638,000.00 'Eotal f0..date sat ide ae $210,070,468.58 Classified Expenditures to March 1, 1910. Department of Construction and By French By Americans-- Companies 5,0 ee ee cor wae French excavation useful to present Canal.... Engineering 6.05.0 77 er $63,143,128.14 Department of Construction and Bugineering, "Plants..(.., 5.3% 22,471,687.32 Department of Sanitation....... 10,884,410.18 Department of Civil Adminis- tration: ee we ya eee 3,926,853.36 Panama Railroad Second Main PTAC Ks ON oe aa ee cho ae a 1,107,910.78 Panama Railroad Relocated Line 4,354,137.56 Purchase and Repair of Steam- OLS A ieee ies Meee ee aia 2,555,009.17 Zone Water Works and Sewers' 3,270,248.92 Zone Roadways: 2. 2a wens occ 1,429,752.65 Loans to Panama Railroad Co. 3,718,567.03 Construction and Repair of Bull dings wees sais ake eG ass 9,574,865.12 Miscellaneous 8k. venta nee 6 axes 3,960,658.21 Potala ce oe vee es es $130,397,228.44 Cu. Yds. Os ee a Uae era naa 78,146,960 CO Tsiony atudyonascherace ince sustar seniede oeaaui ie artis 29,908,000 Dry excavation. ie Gv oir i Gace tv ae ce een 63,785,629 Dredges ye. ela Cae Sek ese hes es he laa nce le gece ae nt ss CON tials 39,420,037 oi Blo} oe Os SN eR a eR aCe nea ee ee Re an bana 103,205,666 May? 4 60 Deer 31, 1904s ok. es a erste ss clue enact ji 243,472 "Jan. 1 toe Dee R82 1905. Ge ek ee ee aaah can ic 1,799,227 Jan. Ato Deck shy L906. ice see re ce ies ery eeere y teecete cm 4,948,497 Janii1 to. Dec, 315 2 1907 cca os Soa iss oe ee ie Seer am tela s 15,765,290 Jan. Tete ADeGr 8k) A90B is eae roses ois ose gpmceiare tert ao uere ae mye s 37,116,735 Jane 2 to' Dees 3h, 1909 aces eos ae cee ee eee enenee cans ate 35,096,166 Jan. Sto April ti. 9l0 eo ii oot ieee Ge gettheeettc eee tls 8,236,279 Excavation by Divisions. May 4, 1904, to April 1, 1910. Estimated Amount Yet Amount Excavated. to be Excavated. Divisions. Cu. Yds. Total. Cu, Yds. Total. Atlantic-- ; Dry: excavation: swe es ree 6,791,280 2,770,631 Dredges "Siege roy weet 17,574,568 24,365,848 155940 831-------18,711,462 Central-- Culebram Guts Goer ee 45,624,605 32,417,690 All other (points: 2.3.6. esc 8,655,533 54,280,138 3,096,665 35,514,355 Pacific-- Dry excavation: 2.6 ssn. 4 see ee 27 14,211 3,216,369 ' : Dredees. 2 oe oho ee 2 84 Oo, 24,559,680 14,018,742 17,2054 11 Grand total 4s. ie cee 103,205,666 71,460,928 There have been expended for pave- ments, water works, sewers, etc., in the cities of Panama and Colon 'about $2,- 500,000, and work under an additional appropriation of $800,000 is now in prog- ress in these cities, making $3,300,000 in all. This sum will be returned to the United States treasury by water rates collected by the United States during a period of 50 years. Canal Force. On March 23, 1910, the total force of the Isthmian Canal Commission and Panama Railroad Co., actually at work, was 38,732, divided as follows: The gold force is made up of the officials, clerical force, construction men, and .skilled artisans of the Isthmian Canal Commission and the Panama rail- road. Practically all of them are Amer- The silver force represents the icans. unskilled laborers of the Commission and 'the Panama railroad. Of these, about 5,000 are Europeans, mainly Span- iards, with a few Italians and other races. The remainder, about 28,000, are West Indians, about 4,000 of whom are employed as artisans, receiving 16, 20 and 25 cents, and a small number, 32 Isthmian Canal Commission....-....--:-+-:¢- Panama Railroad Company (proper)......---- Panama. Railroad Relocation. ......¢ «se. +> Panama Railroad Commissary-:..-..-%.<-«+---- Total Bee ea elles Se SS Be be One eee OUNCRT Ose R RE Oe 70 wee Rete meee Maen t ye and 40 cents, an hour. The standard Gold. Silver. Total. ee ere cae 4,499 26,217 30,716 Sea a eee aia 557. 3,336 3,893 es 158 3,000 3,158 ee oa een tes 215 750 965 5,429 33,303 38,732 179 Equipment. 'Canal Service. Steam shovels: 26-ton Trenching shovel Cars: Used with unloading plows..... 1,806 Steel dump. gece ve ee ee oe 1,800 General service 525 4,131 Locomotives: PLONnGh ree vin came sha ee Comm 119 American <() Oei tee ae e 160; 279 Unloadets ooo eliniaay oe a 30 Spreaders). (6555205 ees ce ee ek ' 24 'Track .shifters.(. nate. ade os 10 Cranes eis ita ae ee ee : 35 Pile driyense:. <4 0st 1 ee ce 16 Dredges: Rebuilt French: Jadder? 5.53 0.41. Dipper Pipe-line suction Sea-going suction Subaqueous rock breaker.......... 1 Tugs Towboat Tender Clapets Barges Ce Se NAWN ee ww meee w ene Locomotives Cars: Coaches Freight Locomotive cranes Pile' drivers Tugs Crane boat Lighters, steel et ee wee ew wees © j9cb Oe etehe Wi eie ewes ace pesivicee rate of the West Indian laborer is 10 cents an hour, but a few of these doing 'work of an exceptional character are paid 16 and 20 cents. The larger part of the Spaniards are paid 20 cents an hour, and the rest 16 cents an hour. Old French Buildings. The Americans acquired from the French 2,150 buildings of various kinds. Of this number, 1,537 have been placed in use. Their estimated value at the time they were turned over to the Am- ericans was about $2,000,000. The Com- mission has spent on these buildings about $890,000, making their value today about $2,890,000. Subsistence Department. The Subsistence Department is divided into two branches--commissary and hotel. It does about $7,000,000 worth of business a year, two-thirds of this through the commissaries and one-third through the hotels. It feeds, clothes and provides with necessities, approximately 50,000 persons. The department is self- sustaining. The commissary system consists of 13 general stores in as many Canal Zone villages, and three camps along the relocated line of the Panama railroad. No goods are sold for cash, only coupons issued to employes being accepted in payment for purchases. The hotel branch maintains the Hotel Tivoli at Ancon, and also 18 hotels for