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May, 1910 "TAE Marine REVIEW 2 175 Li A Ee? 5 COOP Lone Hoitp with SmMatt HatcH AND DraG Rope ATTACHMENT AT A. ' trimming is required, as the scoop has sufficient power behind it to cut its way and fill itself. the attention of only one man. The cargo, therefore, can be discharged by the ship's own crew without any shore assistance, the shoveling is done away with, the use of winches on the dock quay is unnecessary, and from results already obtained it has been proved that ore can be discharged by the Sieurin gear for the triple of between 2 cents to 4 cents per ton for purely labor. Even this small cost has been materially reduced when the ship's own crew have worked the gear. A feature of this gear not to be overlooked is that the ship need not be specially designed for it. It can be adapted to every type of cargo carrier, and the winch can be as successfully and profitably employed in raising and discharging general cargo from the hold as in working the scoop in bulk cargoes. Regarding the quantity of ore that this gear is capable of deal- ing within a given time, its working on the Paulina must be again cited. This ship is fitted with gear working four scoops, that is one for each hold. It has been found possible to deliver with ease about 35 tons of ore per hour into wagons for each scoop, or 140 tons per hour, and this was accomplished by eight men, one at each winch, for the best part of the time, and delivered a dis- tance of 25 ft. from the ship's side. Of course, this quantity would be propor- tionately increased if the scoop has a less distance to travel. utilized the power standing ready at hand on the steamer, and it will be seen that vessels fitted with this gear are made quite independent of any appli- ances on the quay. Another instance of One set of gear requires. The winches - the capacity of the gear may be cited. Swedish steamers equipped with it, and loaded with coal, have been able to dis- charge quicker than the wagons could be supplied, but when the discharge has been made overside into barges, no de- lay has been experienced. The steamer St. Paul, with the Sieurin gear, dis- charged 4,000 tons of coal in 20 working hours, and this at a cost of only 2 cents per ton for labor. This ship, during the long labor strike in Sweden some time ago, was able to discharge without the aid of the shore staff, mainly through having been installed with the Sieurin gear. It seems safe to predict that the Sieu- rin 'system will be extensively adopted in steamers carrying bulk cargoes not only on the score of economy, but also on account of the fact that vessels fitted with the gear are largely independent of labor and its consequent troubles. | Fig. 1 represents the scoop having been filled in the manner before stated, and Fig. 2 shows the same scoop hove up out of the hold above the hatch coam- ings. In this illustration one of the "winches is seen, and by it is standing the winchman close up to the hatch coaming, and is thus able to see down into the hold. Fig. 3 shows the scoop traveling between the two ropes from the center derrick over the hatch, and the other one from the side derrick over the wagon. By means of this third rope the winchman is able to open the bottom of the scoops at any required height over the wagon or barge along- side. Fig. 4 shows the scoop hanging over a wagon, in this case about 25 ft. away from the ship's side, ready to be opened, and here it may be remarked that on one occasion, when discharging coal, the gear emptied the scoop a dis- tance of 45 ft. from the ship's side. Fig. 5 is another view of the scoop in the same position, and Fig. 6 shows the scoop discharging its contents in a wagon. The steamer Paulina was built by Sir Raylton Dixon & Co. of Cleveland dock yards, Middlesbrough, and con- structed on their patent cantilever frame system with topside water ballast tanks to the order of Messrs. Modesto, Pineiro & Co., of Santander, Spain, to meet the very special requirements of her owners' iron ore carrying trade from Santander to Glasgow. The vessel has been built to Lloyds Highest Class, with engines aft, her leading dimensions being 300 ft. by 47 ft. 3 in. by 22. ft. 3 in, moided, and she will carry about 4,300 tons, on 19 ft. draught, with the remarkably low net register of 1,386 tons. About 840 tons of water ballast is carried in cel- lular double bottom' and fore and aft peaks, and in addition to this, the tri- angular tanks at the top of each side of the holds will contain another 720 tons. The sloping sides ot these tanks next to the holds constitute a self-trimming arrangement when the ship is carrying coal, as she will do on her return voy- ages to Santander. The hatchways are of enormous size, as much as 26 ft. wide and 30 ft. long. Each of these hatch- ways is covered with portable steel cov- ers, which are easily removed in five lifts by the derricks and require no tarpaulins. The holds, being absolutely unobstructed by any beams, pillars, webs or stringers, are admirably adapted for discharging cargo by means of 19 der- ricks, fitted with Sieurin's patent cargo' discharging gear, worked by eight steam winches, constructed to Capt. Sieurin's