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'Oo a THE MARINE REVIEW DEVOTED TO MARINE ENGINEERING, SHIP BUILDING AND ALLIED INDUSTRIES Published Monthly by | The Penton Publishing Company Penton Building, Cleveland. : CHICAGO oe ape - - - - 1328 Monadock Blk. CINCINNATI - - - - - 603 Mercantile Library Bldg. NEW YORK - - - - - - 1115 West Street Bldg. PITTSBURGH - - - - - - 2148-49 Oliver Bldg. WASHINGTON, D.C. - 2 - - - «= + =" Hibbs Bldg. BIRMINGHAM, ENG. - - - - - - Prince Chambers Subscription, $2 delivered free anywhere in the world. Single copies, 20 cents. Back numbers over three months, 50 cents. Change of advertising copy must reach this office on or before the first of each month. ; The Cleveland News Co. will supply the trade with THE MARINE REVIEW through the regular channels of the American News Co. European Agents, The International News Company, Breams Building, Chancery Lane, London, E. C., England. . Entered at the Post Office at Cleveland, Ohio, as Second Class Matter. (Copyright 1912, by Penton Publishing Company) March, 1912 CONTENTS PAGE Mowe Nrw oReveNUE (CUTTERS, 72.6 ..0 5. oe ce es eee 29 SRAM ATBAN- VIRGINIAN 9-1 COLLUSION. J p28. Pie ice Sd eee eke aid bike others ole 77 PAnGecd, "VADDER.. DREDGE... 6 che on ee seas os ee eee 78 RNiGhi oN OOAG SIRs VARDSA6 eG oe wh. cows Cu pee SS 79 Blow OIE CONGTRUCTION 2 6. cp cs cies gta Ph UG Ge ade os 80 HOADING NLOTOR CARS" ABOARD "SHIP. 62. i fe ye wee we olele © o oe 81 APO AT SEDGE has cle be ie es os ee EAS Pls eG Cai owe ne a ees 81 rence ate. AOA Katy YARDS) 6 ay ssc eae acess ole cde we alee Corstens 82 MeeeR iis GIliEn DI bsny < ENGINE 6 sc. aia copy sige sw oie a ole vege « Roateerens Rae) 84 TMEROVEMENT (OR: LACOMA. EIARBOR 5 005.5 ss il ots Wee PERS Ee Bec eds 86 PASAT Tac Ae AMET rece ees tees ces Gee ies « 4.e phyitagen"e auary eck oceue os 88 BAGG Rs ipS ORLAHOMA AND UNEVADA 0000. .s ec etc abe aces 89 Arty on ACONTA, 0G is ee ie ee oe he ee Mes ieee es 90 Maxinc Wax Mopers oF VESSELS....... Eo aA ss Wise ae ll eg 92 MORIA NGG 6 ye a a Se ee ok ee copes 94 MCE One HANDLING _PEAND = 2) re ee eee ea: 96 Suction DrEpem New (ORLEANS. 14 6.5.2. ewe. My ha 102 DeatH or Watrter A. Post...... Be Pe ek oes 104 ONGRHSE COR NN AVICS TION (60) ek ie oe ea ena wore e alee 104 Wiens MAnINI WATEROLUBP DOILER. ce 050. scien ste ee tne eel 105 aN ran WISTRIOT (On (CHICAGO. oo cnt ie eee dak se wee wees 108 Rights of Navigation Paramount Lake vessel interests are much concerned over the application of the sanitary district of Chicago to in- crease the diversion of water from Lake Michigan from 4,700 to 10,000 cu. ft. per second. This is prac- tically one-seventh of the flow from Lake' Superior and one-tenth of the volume of water passing through the St. Clair river. The representation of the sanitary district is that the water is needed for sanitary pur- poses, though evidence was submitted to show that the flow is also utilized for light and power purposes.., Of course, no one wants to quarrel with the city's desire to maintain the health of its people, but it does seem as though there were other means of accomplish- THE MARINE REVIEW - position in iron and steel manufacture. March, 1912 ing this result without taking so vast a volume of water from the lakes. For instance, filtration plants are used in many of the principal cities of the world, though Chicago does not appear to have given much thought to this method of purification. Vesselmen fear that any such great subtraction of water would permanently injure the shipping of the lakes and disturb values everywhere. It is generally believed that the present subtraction has resulted in a lowering of lake levels. The sanitary district rep- resents that a great many millions of dollars have been expended upon their drainage system, but in rebuttal the vessel interests prove that infinitely more money has been spent by the various municipalities along the lakes in deepening their harbors and by the govern- ment in building breakwaters and deepening channels. It is by reason of this generous use of public funds for the improvement of the channels that freight is carried so cheaply on the lakes. There is a less re- turn to the individual owner for carrying it than there was in the days of the small wooden ships, but the people, as a rule, have vastly benefited by the reduction in charges. The importance of this waterway to the United States is not to be underestimated. It is a thing in which every citizen is concerned. It has practically lifted the United States to the premier The interest of one city is as nothing compared to the interest of the nation. In considering this application, the secre- tary of war should consider only the rights of naviga- tion. They are paramount. Protection a Necessity If anyone wants to realize how: intimate is the association between the protective policy and the wages paid to labor in the United States, let him read the testimony submitted to the senate finance com- mittee on the metal schedule. He may begin as a free trader, but if his mind is open, he will come out a protectionist. It is a very illuminating experience to listen to men who take the ore through its various ramifications of manufacture and hear them all tell the same story. It doesn't make a particle of differ-' ence what the industry is, whether it is making pig iron, steel bars, tin plate or watch movements, the problem is the same. 'It is not a question of machin- ery or skill; it is simply a question of labor costs. If a manufacturer pays twice or three times as much for labor as his foreign competitor does in the production of the same article, it is certain that he cannot compete with his foreign rival in a neutral market, That is as clear as the nose on a man's face. Why, the wages are so low in certain branches of industry, chain- making, for instance, that the English chain manu- facturers can land chain on the docks at Philadelphia at less cost than the American manufacturer can throw it on the floor of his own factory. Take tin plate. The margin of protection here is very slight. It is just sufficient to hold the seaboard trade which,