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106 THE MARINE REVIEW Fic. 3--SerctTion THroucH BorLer HEADER blesome question of leaky and broken staybolts is entirely eliminated, as there are no screwed or riveted stays in the boiler--no holes through the plates, there cannot be any leaks from this cause. F.ach header, or flitch, in the moder- ate sizes, is constructed of one plate, folded through the center--see Fig. -2--the edges channeled, flanged or lapped and riveted, eliminating, as far as possible, all riveted joints, 'except the connections to the steam drum, which are ilanged and riveted. Hand- holes covering a group of tubes, or individual plugs opposite each tube, give access for cleaning and renewals. Tite steam and water drum is. of large proportions, giving ample steam space and a steady water line. It is composed of one sheet, the joint being a very heavy butt strap, which insures the necessary strength where the drum connects with the front flitch, as large passages for circulation are provided at. this point. The drum heads are bumped and fitted with man-hole az each end. The butt joints and heads are double riveted--all rivet holes drilied in place after the work is fitted, insuring fair holes and tight work. The generating tubes are 2-in. out- side diameters of extra heavy gage. The length is varied as required, de- pending on conditions. The down-flow tubes are 4% in. outside diameter and No. 6 B. W. G. All tubes are expand- ed into the tube plates and the ends flared. Feed water and super-heaters are furnished for either design, when de- sired. As shown in Fie. 2, the feed water heater, located in the wp-take, is of the long flow type, and consists of three headers with U-shaped tubes the open ends expanded into the head. ers--the water entering the top head- er, travels through the tubes full width vf the boiler four times, and is finally conducted by the internal feed pipe to the bottom of the drum, discharging through jets into the down-flow passage of the front flitch, thus increasing the circulation. The super-heater is of the same general construction as the feed water heater, with a shorter flow, and is' placed over the tep of the down-flow tube; as shown in Fig. 2, Ample provision for expansion, cleaning and renewals of the feed and super-heater tubes insures the most efficient and satisfac- tory results. By-pass valves are fitted onthe heaters, permitting either, or both, to be cut out in case of emer: zency. The casing is sectional and lined with asbestos fire felt 2 in. thick The furnace in Fig. 1 is entirely sur- rounded by the large side tubes and the flitches. The furnace door open ings are circular and welded into the plates: Special fire brick, formed ta fit around the outside of the side tubes, form the sides of the casing, and are held in place by the sectiona! March, 1912 casing. In Fig. 2, the flitches do not extend below the tubes, and the fur. nace walls are of regular fire brick The boiler is carried independently of the furnace walls, and they can be rebuilt without disturbing either boiler or casing. Marine Lighting Clark Baker, of the Brilliant Elec- tric Co., Cleveland, O., has compiled in bulletin form data with reference to marine. lighting, in which the illum- ination of modern steel ore boats especially is considered in detail. At- tention is called to the necessity of equipping lamps for this class of ser- vice with suitable reflectors and a de- iailed description of a complete unit designed by the Brilliant Electric Co.. with the co-operation of the American' Ship Building Co., is presented. Sec- tional drawings of a vertical reflector unit and an angle reflector unit are shown. The lighting conditions on board passenger boats are also dis- cussed and methods of lighting the cabins, officers' quarters, passages, staterooms, etc., are suggested. The bulletin is well illustrated through- out. It may be obtained by writing to the Brilliant Electric Co. The Eastern Steamship Corporation, pier 14, North River, New York, is making quite a number of changes in the passenger steamers Massachus- etts and Bunker Hill, involving the in- stallation of oil-burning apparatus, pro- viding an enlarged and outside im- proved dining room on the main deck and a hurricane deck cafe. As the dining room has hitherto been on the extreme upper deck forward the change . will make possible the addition of a number of desirable outside staterooms. The ships will also be painted white. They have hitherto been painted black. The work is being done by Cramp's, ' Philadelphia. Fic. 4--FormMiInc RECTANGULAR PASSAGES