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Crude Oil Engines The Italian Navy Has Adapted the Kind Design and Has Installed One in a Small Tank Boat--Description of the Type There has recently been installed in a small tank boat for the Italian navy a heavy oil engine, built by Ing. Paolo Kind & Co., of Turin, that has many elements of economy and safety to com- mend it as a reliable prime mover for small craft. This firm is manufactur- ing a medium-speed, high-pressure heavy oil engine from 10 H. P. up with fuel consumption varying from 0.42 to 0.59 Ib. per effective horse power hour, and the cost of operation varies ignite the charge and the other features of air scavenging, fuel pulverization which are well known attributes of nearly all European makes. The Ital- ian admiralty has adopted the Kind engine exclusively. The diagram here- with shows its installation in the tank boat of a four-cylinder 70 H. P. engine. This engine must not be confused with those using. & hot. bulb or; torch: to induce a preliminary heating of some part of the combustion chamber be- the dead 'point, so that instead of an explosion a combustion is produced, which does not sensibly increase the pressure acquired during the compres- sion. The process is, therefore, comparable to the introduction of the steam in a steam engine, and it is evident that the absence of the explosion is a valuable guarantee for the durability and safety of the engine. It may be stated that the high compression Diesel motors PHoTOGRAPH OF A 150 H. P. Kinp Crupe Oi ENGINE, BuILT IN ITALY AND ADOPTED THE Two-CycLe PRINCIPLE from one-third to one-half cent per effective horse power hour. The econ- omy over an American marine en- gine of 50 H. P. burning gasoline is ap- parent. A Kind engine of 50 H. P. would consume 25 lbs. of crude oil at @ cost of bout: Zl or 22 cents as against six and one-half gallons of @asoune ata cost of trom 65 to 75 cents. A photo and sectional plan of the Kind heavy oil engine is herewith published. 'Phe engine is of the two- cycle type, using high compression to fore the engine can be started. This thermic Italian motor works quite dif- ferently. The air compressed at about 30 to 35 atmosphere (440 to 525 Ibs: per square inch), acquires a temperature sufficiently great to enflame (without the necessity of making preliminary red hot any part of the cylinder) the combustible previou- ly pulverized by a compressed air jet, as soon as it is introduced into, the cylinder. The introduction of the com- bustible is made gradually, starting from BY THE ITALIAN Navy. IT OPERATES ON so far constructed are, in most cases, the old four-stroke cycle, where a fir- ing takes place at every second revolu- tion of the crank shaft. This Italian two-stroke motor, on the contrary, works after the that ais. <a combustion for each cylinder for every revolution of shaft, giving, it is said, a great advantage in two-stroke cycle, the crank and so favor of the running regularity and weight economy. The operation, simply stated, is as follows: The piston (which acts as