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August, 1912 THE MARINE REVIEW 271 INSTALLATION OF 70-H. P. Krnp Arr ConTRottep Heavy Om ENGINE IN A TANK BOAT FoR THE ITALIAN Navy the cross head) sliding in the cylinder, closed in the upper part and open in the lower one, uncovers a series of ex- hausting slots placed in the cylinder at the lower dead point.. In 'the cylinder cover are: A valve: for 'starting, an- other for the admission of the air, and a third for the combustile. When the piston is at the lower dead point, the exhausting ports are open and the air inlet valves are also open. Through these last an air current passes into the cylinder, which blows off the rem- nants of the preceding combustion, and thus the cylinder is filled with pure air. After a time the inlet valves are closed and the piston in its upward stroke covers the exhausting ports and compresses the air at about 39 to 35 at- mospheres (atmospheric pressure at 30 barometric reading and 62 degrees Fahr. is 14.7 pounds per square inch). When the piston reaches the upper dead point and before starting the des- cending stroke, the fuel valve is opened and the pulverized combustile is ad- mitted. By contact with the air, brought to an elevated temperature by the com- pression, the combustible is enflamed and keeps on entering and burning for a lapse of time determined by the power required; keeping the pressure nearly constant. During such lapse of time the piston will already have made a part of the descending stroke; then the fuel valve is closed and the expansion of the burned gases takes place up _ to the time when such gases helped by the air inlet escape through the exhaust ports which are now uncovered by the piston that has reached the lower dead point. It may be stated that as soon as this is passed, the cycle already described is repeated. The starting valve serves to give the first impulse to the stopped motor, and works like a steam inlet valve. The compressed air for the in- jecion of the combustible is produced by a compressor with piston working steadily and, as soon as the motor is started, refurnishing also the air tank for the starting.' The compressed air needed for the motor is contained in three tanks, two of which are for the start- ing, and one, for the injection of the combustible while the motor is running. The air current for the cleaning and filling of the cylinders, is produced by a special pump keyed on the crank shaft. The combustible is introduced into the cylinder by means of a special pump which administers in an exact way the quantity necessary for each impulse. A hand regulator, or a centrifugal regu- /| /| FA SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE KIND HEAvy Or ENGINE lator in the case of power plant, acts on the same pump, changing in a very sensible way the dosing of the combus- tible. By means of a lever the valves are brought to the proper position to start the motor and after a few revolutions, by displacing the lever, the starting valves are put out of the way and the combustible inlet valves come into action and thus the motor takes its normal running. : It is claimed that these Italian motors can be reversed in two and one-fifth to three seconds, and it is pointed out that this special characteristic of the Kind re- versible motor, does away with the pos- sibility of dangerous mistakes due to unskillfulness. It is maintained that the starting is always instantaneous and even when left dle for months the motor can at once develop all its power. The running is completely automatic; and once started, the machine can be left to the care of the regulator. Refined. petroleum as well as very dense oils can be used. In the smallest, directly reversible, high-speed marine engines of 40 to 50 effective horsepower, with four cylin- ders, the number of revolutions is of 500 up to 650, while in the light, high- speed, 3,000-effective horsepower ma- rine engines, the number of revolutions is reduced to 350 per minute. The weight of the high-speed and warship motor is reduced to 15 kilograms, or 33 lbs., per effective horsepower, while the weight of the normal, light type engine is from 44 to 66 lbs. per effective horsepower. : F. B. Slocum, of the Continental Iron Works, Brooklyn, N. Y., secre- tary of the Supplymen's Association | of the American Boiler Manufactur- ers' Association, has published a list of the boiler manufacturers of the United States and 'Canada, which ought to be of considerable value to manufacturers of tools, material men, mechanical engineers and boiler build- ers. The price of the book is $5.00.