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= 296 Towboats for South America James Rees & Sons Co., Pittsburgh. Pa, has built up quite an extended business in the construction of tow- boats and barges for service in Cent- ral and South American waters. The vessels are shipped by the company in a knocked-down condition to the point of destination and there assem- bled. At present the company is building three stern-wheel towboats and six flat rake barges for the Ma- deira-Mamore Railway Co. The tow- boats are of the stern-wheel type, COR.GALV./RON DECK fh THE MARINE REVIEW rate should it have any result, it will be hailed with satisfaction by a large majority of shipbuilders and would also have its effect on the demand for labor. Sir William H. White, late chief constructor to the British admiralty, is head of a growing school of thought which contests the wisdom of Sir John Fisher and his colleagues and_ their Dreadnought policy. : Sir William White's views are that a wiser course in warship building would be found in a return to more moderate dimensions and a reduced unit cost for AWNING DECK September, 1912 Launch of Steamship Pastores Workman, Clark & Co., Belfast, launched from their South yard a new twin screw steamer, built by them for the United Fruit Co., and to engage in the general fruit carry- ing and .passenger service between New York and West Indian ports. The Pastores is 486 ft. in length, with a gross tonnage of about 8,000 tons, and has been built in accord- ance with the requirements of the British Corporation Registry of Ship- 75 ft. long, 18 ft. beam and 3 ft. deep, with an 18-in. sheer forward. The hull is constructed of open-hearth and angle steel throughout, the plat- ing being galvanized and double riv- eted.. dhere are four cross bulk- heads and one center fore and aft bulkhead. The barges are 75 ft. long, 16 ft. beam and 3 ft. depth of hold with 12-in. sheer and having a corru- ated steel catego box. fFhey are constructed of open-hearth and angle steel throughout, double riveted and plating all galvanized. Question of Smaller Battleships Naval authorities in Britain just now, as well as shipbuilders, are busy argu- ing the pros and cons of smaller battle- ships and it seems possible that Great Britain will lead the way back again to battleships of medium tonnage, just as she did to Dreadnoughts. Perhaps this movement may have its effect on the passenger line companies, and at any (GaeeaneD) WAIN. DECK PLAN - PRoFILE AND MAIN Deck PLAN OF STERNWHEEL TOWBOATS FOR THE MApDEIRA-MAMOR E RAILWAY BuILpING By JAMES Rees & Sons Co., PITTSBURGH capital ships than have recently found favor. Experience had established the fact that, without having resort to ex- treme dimensions, it was possible to produce capital ships which would be powerfully armed, well protected, steady gun platforms, capable of fighting their guns in all weathers when actions could take place, and able to maintain their speed in rough weather. Admiral Sir Reginald Constance points out that in the Russo-Japanese and Spanish-American wars the defeated ships were generally beaten before their floating power was compromised and the armored hulls of the victors did not exercise any decisive influence on the results. As the ship need not be made absolutely unsinkable, but only suffi- ciently so to win victory, should not the difficulty of hitting the water line, he asks, be carefully considered before di- verting large weights from guns,--the most effective form of defense--to ar- mor which gives imperfect protection? = ping, the British Board of Trade and the United States Steamship Inspec- tion Service. A special feature of the vessel is the ,accommodation: for. about. 150 first class passengers in which com- fort and artistic taste are admirably combined. The staterooms, arranged for one, two and three persons, are all roomy apartments, a number of them being so arranged with doors and adjoining lavatories as to be available for family suites, while there are also seven special cabins luxuriously furnished and _ provided with separate lavatories. The public rooms include commo- dious dining saloon, with tables ar- ranged on the restaurant plan, a luxu- rious music room opening off the main entrance hall; also a comfort- able smokeroom.. All the rooms, pub- lic and private, are efficiently venti- lated by means of delivered through fresh air while each cooled ducts,