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1912 November, that with the passing of the sailing ship on the lakes, the romance and the greater part of the sentiment passed with them. In recalling the names of some of the handsomest vessels that ever floated in any waters there were the Coquette, Wend the Wave, Wings of the Morning, Star- light, Sunrise, Morning Light, Moon- light, Sunnyside, Sweetheart. "The ships of today are named for men who do things. That's why that monster that headed the procession today was named the William ~ Liv- ingstone. It's a fitting mame for her. Nobody would think of naming her sweetheart. It would be very appro- priate for the man,--but not the ship. "Another marked chantige "as \ the sinking of the personality of the old- time master." The .vecsel he sailed was seldom referred to by his asso- crates or men directly connected with marine affairs. If you asked the mate on relieving him what vessels he met during his watch he would answer John Lowe; Jim Brown, Jack Shaw, THE MARINE REVIEW tariff rate from Lake Erie to Lake Huron, and the same if a vessel sailed down from Lake Huron to the flats. "Grassy Island and Mamajuda were the only aids to navigate between Bobolo and Wind Mill Point. Beginning of Private Lights "In 1873 some enterprising gentle- man placed a float on Ballard's reef which 'displayed. a red light that could be seen under favorable weather conditions about 500 ft. Collections were taken from the vessels.. As this showed a good profit, several enter- prising citizens: hung. up, a Jaimp at intervals all the way up to Fort Gra- tiot and the good work of collecting went on until Mr. Livingstone pre- vailed on the, government to forbid the use of private lights. As late as 1880 there was no official page at the Lime. Kiln Crossing, Duff & Gatfield displayed a red flag from a pole on the dock when the water looked low. On making in- 365 could be done, as coal was rapidly displacing wood. "The next decade brought the steel ship, and the passing of the white wings was rapid. Beautiful, neat, trim sailing vessels were degraded into tow barges. It almost broke my heart to suddenly come on to what was once a fine ship in the harbor of Cleveland one day in 1890. I commanded her for 12 .years, ane they were 12 of the happiest years of my life. O! what a change; her foremast was leaning to port, her main mast- was starboard, and her mizzen mast head gone at the trustle trees. She was loaded all right; she had about two inches of free board amidship. "Good old. days. We _ frequently hear: of the good old days. That is a mistaken idea. If there were 'good old days' it was only for some boy whose father was in a position to send to college. There was no 'good old days: for the sailor boy. . The crews as a rule handled the cargo at LIVINGSTONE CHANNEL, ADMITTING WATER INTO THE Part THaT WaAs EXCAVATED IN THE Dry Johnnie Coulter, George McLeod, Jimmie Rardon, Jerry Coleman, as the case might be. "There is one body of men who figured largely in the lake trade that I take off my hat to, and those were the men who were masters of the fin- est tugs that ever turned a wheel in the sixties and seventies. Their skill in navigating the rivers and unmarked channels with a string of vessels, was simply marvelous, and was only sur- passed by the skill displayed by the gentlemen who organized the Detroit River Towing Association in separat- ing the unfortunate vessel man from his money. "T would very much like to have a copy of their tariff of 1872. I think they must have had the assistance of a plumber in getting it up. The dis- tance from Lake Erie to the flats is about 50-miles. Thé tariff stated that if a vessel sailed from Lake Erie up to that point that she would be towed the other 30 miles at the full quiry about the probable depth you were told that Johnnie Coulter struck going over yesterday, or George Mc- Leod struck this afternoon, but not quite so hard, and there you. were. If you. wanted to take a chance, there was always a small tug to assist you in making the attempt. Coming of the Steel Ship "Detroit was the one point on the voyage in the sixties and early sev- enties that no vessel could get by without making a call at the marine post office, located at Trowbridge & Wilcox's store. Anything in the way of ship supplies from a needle to an anchor could be obtained there, and a tow stopping at Detroit at six in the evening seldom got away until six in the morning. This was all changed by the advent of the large sailing fleet in the early seventies, the masters as a rule making a con-: tract with the tug to go through without stopping unnecessarily, which one end of the trip and lumber and other coarse freight were loaded off shore, or from lake shore piers. The hours were continuous in some in- stances, and 17 or 18 working hours in most all cases in loading ports. "The crew's quarters in the hand- somest vessels were dungeons in comparison with the quarters on the modefn steel ship. Everything in the so-called 'good old days' on board ship was done by main strength and hand labor. The watch below was subject to call at any minute to take in or shorten sail. The watches were then four hours. The watches: now are six hours, and the watch below are never called except to get up and eat. The men themselves on the modern ship knowthat the pres- ent are the good days, and that they are the best fed and best housed and best paid men. that ever followed their line of work in any waters, and with the best opportunity for promo- tion if they make good."