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198 One of the low-pressure turbines is shown in Fig. 16. Steam is supplied_ by twenty-one double-ended cylindri- cal boilers, arranged in four boiler rooms. The boilers have a total heat- THE NEW GLADSTONE DOCK AT LIVERPOOL IN PROCESS NDER powers obtained from parliament in 1906 for the de- velopment of land and _ fore- shore previously acquired, the Mersey 'docks and harbor board promulgated 'a scheme for providing a large exten- sion of its present dock system, at a cost of about £3,200,000, but ow- ing to the depressed state of the shipping industry and the stringency of the money market, the scheme was Kept im abeyance for a. time. The proposals included a_ half-tide dock and two branch docks entered from the river by way of a large new lock entrance, also a lock connecting this extension with the existing system, all parts of the new works being de- signed to accommodate the largest vessels afloat, even allowing liberally for continued advance in dimensions in the future. Owing to the rapid developments which have since taken place in the building of monster steamships, and the certain advent of at least one ves- sel much larger than the Maure- tania and the Lusitania requiring ac- commodation at Liverpool within two or three years, the board were con- strained to provide the convenience immediately necessary by a less am- bitious scheme, capable of affording ima very much THE MARINE REVIEW ing surface of 139,000 square feet, and are designed for a working pressure of 195 Ibs. per sq. in. All the boilers are fitted with Howden's system of forced draught. a certain amount of accommodation shorter time than would be required to carry out the Wrote. otisinal propram, It >was, therefore, decided, in the summer of 1910, to adopt a scheme submitted. by Anthony G. Lyster, the board's engineer in chief, providing an en- tirely new dock of adequate dimen- sions for the purpose in view, and capable of forming ultimately an in- tegral part of the larger scheme which, could not long be delayed. This dock, called the Gladstone dock, is now being pushed rapidly on _ to- wards completion. It is expected to be ready for service in July next. Fig. 1 shows this dock in its present isolated position, and its situation with respect to the most northerly existing dock, the Hornby dock, and to the foreshore and frontage lands north of the new dock, which, for a distance of over a mile, are the prop- erty of the board. The section AB shows the dock and its quays, sheds, etc., generally, and section CD shows the entrance channel with its guiding dolphins. The Gladstone dock is 1,050 ft. long, or nearly 140 ft. longer than the Olympic, and has an entrance 120 ft. mide, The sill is laid at 25 ft. below June, 1913 It is expected that the completion of the vessel, including her trials, wil] occupy about a year, and that she will therefore be ready for service about April, 1914. OF EXCAVATION = (8) oa [sit Re Sg, Old Dock Sill datum. The structure of the dock provides for the overhauling and repairing of the largest steamers. The floor will be laid in concrete at a level of 29 ft. below Old Dock Sill, and will be furnished with center keel blocks and side blocks. The entrance of the dock will be provided with a sliding caisson of plate steel, which will have a clapping face on each side so as to maintain the water in the dock, or to exclude it therefrom, ac- cording to the nature of the duties. of the dock for the time being. On the north quay, a single-story shed, 900 ft. long and 100 ft. wide, with four 2-ton movable cargo cranes, will be constructed. On the south quay, one movable crane of 5 tons will be provided, the latter being available for use on the north quay when re- quired. The entrance channel will have a width of 400 ft. at its mouth, narrowing down to 120 ft. at the dock entrance proper. The channel and a fairway approach are being dredged to a depth of 27 ft. below Old Dock Sill. There will be a pitched slope on either side, and strong timber dolphins will be provided at suitable intervals as a guide to ships when necessary.. At high water of lowest neap tides, say 10 ft. above Old Dock