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July, 1913 contains a dining a drawing room, a veranda with large windows, two bed rooms, two bath rooms, dressing room, box room, and pantry. There is also accommodation for four servants outside. No first class steamship is now complete without a swimming-bath and a gymnasium, and, of course, both of these are to be found on the Im- perator. The former is situated on the "F"' deck next to the first class dining saloon, and is of ample pro- portions. It is surrounded by 18 dec- orative Pompeiian pillars, its total length being 65 ft. and the width 41 ft. with a maximum depth of 7 ft. It is fed with warm sea water through decorative cascades, and is surround- ed with dressing and rest rooms in the Pompeiian style. In connection with this department there are also a series of hydropathic rooms for Turk- ish, steam, electric, and other baths, so that the busy traveler can utilize the voyage by undertaking a "cure" under advice of one of the three med- ical officers. There are separate gym- nasia for the first and second class passengers, each provided with appa- ratus for taking exercise, both gentle and violent. room, The Second and Third Class Accommo- dations So far we have spoken only of the first class accommodation, but much might also be said in praise of the second, which is quite equal to that which satisfied first class passen- gers only a few years ago. There are a large dining room, reading and writing rooms, music saloon, smoking Toom, and electric elevator. The cab- Ins for two, three, and four persons are situated over four decks. They Comprise 401 beds, 191 sofa-beds, and 14 children's beds. The third class Passengers have also a spacious din- ing and reading room, and are berthed in cabins for two, three, four, and six Persons, containing in all 962 beds. Even 1,006 of the 1,772 steerage pas- Sengers have cabins for two, four, and eight persons. The contrast be- tween their accommodation and _ that Which obtained thirty years ago is as Striking as the increase in luxury in' the first class quarters. _ The vessel was built by the Vulcan- Werke, Hamburg, for the Hamburg- Amerika Line; she is the largest ship Now afloat, and is the first German Merchant ship to have four 'turbine- driven Propellers. Her principal di- mensions are the following: | eth over all, 918 ft.: 10 in.; eed between perpendiculars, 880 ft.; Teadth, 98 ft; draught under full THE MARINE REVIEW load, 35 ft.; displacement under full load, 57,000 tons. The Imperator therefore is double the size of her predecessors, the Amerika and Kaiserin Auguste Vic- toria. She has been built to the rules of the German Lloyd, and to those of the Seeberufsgenossenschaft, and of the Emigration Bureau, which in many points are exceeded in strin- gency by those of the builders them- selves. The hull is divided into 13 water-tight compartments by 12 wat- er-tight transverse bulkheads, eight of which extend up to the second, or "F," deck--i. e. far above the load water line; the first four bulkheads forward extend up to the "E" deck. The hull for a third of its length for- ward is further provided with longi- tudinal water-tight bulkheads or inner skin at a distance of 1.5 m. (59 in.) within the outside plating. All water- tight doors. in' the different bulk- heads, including those which establish communication between the _ stoke- holds and engine rooms, are oper- ated automatically on the Dorracher, or Stone-Lloyd system from the bridge. The double bottom is 70.85 in. high, and extends almost over the whole length of the ship. The hull is bossed out at each side at the stern to provide tunnels for the two wing- shafts. The rudder weighs 90 tons, and is carried on five gigantic pintles. The diameter of the rudder post is 2 ft. 6° in, Te is et cast steel, made by Messrs. F. Krupp, of Essen, and is built in-two pieces: It 16:57 ft. 5 in. high, and weighs 110 tons. | There are five complete steel decks, one part deck astern and two forward, also four superstructural decks in the middle portion of the ship. The deck houses contain the first class saloon and rooms. The three funnels are 68 ft. 10 in. high above the high- est deck, and are elliptic in section, the major axis being 29 ft. 6 in. and the minor axis 18 ft. The ship car- ries two steel pole-masts, which rise to a height of 246 ft. above the keel. The Machinery The propelling machinery consists of Parsons steam-turbines, a high- pressure and an intermediate pressure turbine driving the two inner shafts, and two low-pressure turbines driving the wing shafts; they are designed to give the ship a speed of 22.5 knots when developing together 62,000 shaft h. p. For going astern there are two 'high-pressure and two low-pressure turbines, calculated to develop _to- gether 35,000 shaft hp. the high- pressure turbines being on the inner shafts, and the low-pressure astern turbines. on the wing shafts. The 247 propellers are 16 ft. 5 in. in diameter, and run at 185 revolutions when im- parting to the ship the speed of 22.5 knots. The propeller thrust is taken up by thrust-blocks having for the four a total bearing surface of 75.3 sq. ft. The turbines exhaust into four condensers, having each a_ cooling surface of 16,146 sq. ft. The cooling water is supplied to the condensers by four centrifugal pumps 4 ft. 3 in. in diameter, driven by two steam en- gines. The condensed steam is de- livered by four Weir duplex air pumps into two tanks in the double bottom, whence, together with the fresh water proceeding from three. boiler feed water evaporators, it is delivered by four duplex feed pumps to the boilers. Each feed water evaporator has a capacity of 100 tons per 24 hours. There are two auxiliary condensers provided with two auxiliary circula- tion and two auxiliary air pumps. There are four steam-driven bilge pumps, each of 4,944 cu. ft. capacity per hour, to exhaust the engine and boiler room bilges, and four steam- driven water ballast pumps. The tur- bine and shaft bearings are lubricated by six oil pumps. Steam at 16 Atmospheres The turbines are supplied with steam at 16 atmospheres (235 lb. per sq. in.) above atmospheric pressure trom 46 single-ended water-tube boil- ers of modified Yarrow type, having a total heating surface of 203,000 sq. ft., and a total grate area of 3,767 sq. ft. The boilers are mounted in groups of 11 and 12 in four stoke- holds, separated from each other by four water-tight bulkheads. The re- quired forced draft is supplied on the Howden system by four fans, 13 ft. 9 in. in diameter, and delivering air through conduits 45 sq. ft. in sec- tion under the boiler grates. The ashes are dealt with by four ash-ejec- tor pumps, having a total capacity of 6,357 cu. ft. per hour; also by 16 ash- ejectors, six ash hoists, and three ash- slaking valves. The ventilation of all the engine and boiler rooms is insured by seven fans. The coal bunkers are to the side and between the stoke holds; they have a capacity for 8,500 tons of coal. The four stokeholds are 74 ft. 9 in. in length each, and with the coal bunkers occupy the whole breadth of the ship at her central portion. There are three engine rooms: one, 68 ft. 10 in. in length, in the center line of the ship, and containing the high pressure and intermediate pressure turbines; and two side engine rooms, 95 ft. in length each, slightly aft of the former, and containing the two &