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July, 1914 Campaign for Sanitation Early in May the welfare commit- tee of the Lake Carriers' Association addressed' a letter to the dealers who supply the vessels with food stuffs urging that the utmost cleanliness be observed in handling provisions. This has now been supplemented with a letter addressed to the members of the association recommending that certain important essentials be ob- served aboard ship. The circular fol- lows: The welfare committee in its effort to fulfill its duties with respect to those matters which have been dele- gated to it by your body for consid- eration respectfully submit the con- clusions and recommendations as out- lined below. These recommendations have been reached after numerous' conferences and much thought and are the things which in its judgment should be ac- tively adopted by all Lake Carriers' boats at this time. While there are other subjects which merit attention the idea of your committee has been to bring before you at this time only the more important, and trusts to the future to develop the scope. The pres- ent recommendations are along the line of sanitation. The committee does not wish to burden you with a dissertation on the benefits and ne- cessity of this action. The benefits are. sufficiently obvious as to need no ar- gument; the necessity will be recog- nized by the careful student of the trend of economic thought. The outline of the campaign for sanitation is as follows: 1, That dealers in food be asked to co-operate. 2. That individual boats be asked to co-operate. For the purpose of reaching the dealers a circular has been prepared of which the attached is a copy and which is self-explanatory. It was decided to ask the co-opera- tion of the boats on the following subjects: Pure drinking water. Sanitary water tanks. Clean refrigerators... --. Food free from contact with im- pure ice, Sanitary handling of meats. Dry bedding, A few remarks are submitted as to the importance of each one of these Subjects. supplies Water The prevalence of dysentery, attrib- uted to the taking of drinking water irom those areas which are subject to thé influence of shore sewage. An PPP Ne <teport as to the < areas THE MARINE REVIEW where the water should not be taken has been issued by the United States government. These places are as fol- lows: Lake Superior Duluth to abreast Two Harbors and with or after S.. W. to N, W. winds Duluth to abreast Sand Island. : Soo River and Approaches Whitefish Point, Lake Superior, to abreast Spectacle Reef, Lake Huron. Lake Huron Fifteen miles outside Ft. Gratiot light. With or after strong W. to N. W. winds Point Aux Barques to St. Clair river unless at léast 10 miles off shore. Lake Michigan and Straits West or south of a point at least: 12 miles off Milwaukee on Point Betsy course, With §..to-N. W.. winds, 25 miles off Milwaukee. Beaver Island to Spectacle Reef. If following west shore at least 10 miles off shore. With fresh S. E. to N. W. winds water may be taken under necessity only between Milwaukee and Chicago not less than 10 miles off shore. River and Lake St. Clair and Detroit River and. Approaches Fifteen miles above Fort Gratiot light to 12 miles east of Southeast Shoal lightship. With or after brisk S. W. to N. W.. winds, to 25 miles - east of S. E. Shoal. Lake Erie Entire westerly end of Lake Erie to east of S:. E:: Shoal as above. -- Pt. Abino to Buffalo. At least 6 miles off 'shore and 'with: or: atter Sto 8: W.-winds.-at. least' 12: miles. Area south of a line drawn from Kelley's Island to 12 miles off Erie is unsafe at any ince. But in addition to pure raw water it is obvious that tanks should be scrup- ulously clean. We, therefore, recom- mend, that it shall be the duty of one man on each boat to see that the tanks are cleaned each trip with soda and lye, using clean brooms or brushes, and that he alone shall have charge of filling them. All faucets in rooms should be opened to allow the solution to run through the pipes and afterward flushed with clean water. All tanks should be fitted with a screw plug on the outside of bottom of tank to permit of thorough drain- age. All toilets aboard ship should be locked while water is being drawn for filling tanks. All tanks should be filled through independent pieces of hose that are used exclusively for that purpose. While these suggestions do not em- brace all the things that could be recommended the committee believes them to be sufficient for the present 283 and respectfully submits that they be insisted upon as a practice on the association's boats. Ice Artificial ice is pure. There is much natural ice, however, which is not. To guard against contamination of meats and milk from this source all ice should be absolutely kept in a separate compartment of the refrig- erator, isolated completely from the compartment containing provisions and milk. Ice should not be put in drink- ing water. When not taken from the tank in the ice chest, drinking water should be kept in a clean bucket or pitcher in the refrigerator to be used as desired. Manufactured ice should be purchased wherever possible. Refrigerators Everything must be taken out of the refrigerator and the refrigerator thoroughly sterilized every trip. Cleanliness of Cooks Personal cleanliness in the galley should be promoted. Stewards should be instructed to see that the provision dealer is not allowed to put supplies in the refrigerator. This must be done by his own department. . Flhes Flies. aré dangerous. They help: to spread typhoid fever, dysentery, etc.,. by infecting exposed food and water. Every effort should be made to keep them out. Inspection It should be the duty of the proper officer of the ship to inspect frequent- ly the bedding on the boat to see that such bedding is sanitary and dry. Wet bed clothes are a common source not only of discomfort but of actual disease. Regular inspection should also be made of the galley, pantry, refrigerators, toilet facilities and all rooms occupied by the crew. In conclusion, the committee asks the active co-operation of the individ- ual boat with the dealers to attain the objects herein set forth. While exist- ing conditions are probably no worse than the average of other employ- ments, the observance of these rules will nevertheless make for greater efficiency and a higher standard of morale. The Duluth office of the H. W. Johns-Manville Co. has moved to larger quarters at No. 327 West First street, in order to take care of its increased business. The new office is on the ground floor, with windows for the display of J-M asbestos roofing, pipe coverings, packings, sanitary special- ties, auto accessories and other prod- ucts of this company's well known and varied lines.