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1914 November, e Heat supplied by the condense of the auxiliary machines.. Weight of condense for auxiliary ma- chines. from the alae : 18. 502 cals. per kilo. Be -- 2540 kilos. per hr, os tq) -- (ts -- te) 20. Total feed: Q+q. 21. Heat supply to hot- well from the con- dense: Ot . Heat supply to the hot-well "from the condense of the aux- iliary machines: qitq. 23. The sum _ of both heat quantities (21 and: 22) wie eae. 24. Heat. content to to- tal feed Q+q on entering pre-heater: (Q + @q) te . Heat produced the transformer: X (0 + a) tb (Ott oe tay. vets Horsepower loss 28,340 kilos. per hr. 774,000 cals. per hr. 264,200 cals. per hr. 1,038,200 cals. per hr, 1,416,000 cals. per hr, 377,800 cals. per hr, 26. the transformer ---- 597:5 H. P. 632 in sec- shaft . of SINS. 3s in pri- xX 632 the . Horsepower ondary transformer: . Horsepower mary shaft: Np Ns + Efficiency of transformers: 2.3% Total heat in the boiler steam: QJ.. Heat content of. con- dense from main engines: Of Heat content in the exhaust of auxiliary machines 06 46.64% 33. Sum of Qt + qiq. 34. Heat transmitted to feed water Py trans- former, and from boilers, ; OJ -- (04 +910) . Saving of coal due to heat produced in transformers _ trans- mitted se 'feed 4,620 H. P. = d,21750) Els PR: 29. 30. 3h, 88.6 per cent 19,750,000 cals. per hr, 774,000 cals. per hr. sec e ee 32. 1,539,000 cals. per hr. 2,313,000 cals. per hr. 17,437,000 cals. per hr. 100 2.16 per cent OJ-- (Qt + gig) 36. Total efficiency o the hydrodynamic transformer. ....... 90.76 per cent Normally the feed water of the boiler was used to supply the trans- former, and by this means the greater part of the heat produced in the trans- former could be transmitted to the feed water. The connections are diagram- Guide Blades ie C vide 106 nd Wet" B lst Seconday Wheel a TS Inlet from make uppum Primary Leck ee 4 A Wheat Lo Centre Line The Figures are pressures above atmosphere Fig. 4 matically shown in Fig. 5. The greater part of the steam from the boilers was delivered to the turbine by the pipe marked I, and after passing the con- denser and air pump was discharged as water into compartment I of the -pipe II, THE MARINE REVIEW hotwell, overflowing to compartment 2 A small part of the steam in the boilers went by the pipe la to the auxiliary machinery, and thence through the preheater, where it was condensed 439 the delivery valve from the hotwell, and also opened the discharge valve into compartment 2 of the hotwell. When the level fell the vacuum was broken, and these valves resumed their normal posi- into compartment 2 -of the hotwell, tion. There were three such suction pipes l2 FromBorlers £a. ty t ToBoilers _ Fre-heater. zit CORN: CE SGD 0 RAD OSES Ce © oe = mm mac eee © came 2 wm, ¢ uxilar, lachi i - Fraps tr, A ocmE sD COR, Transformer Tank Air Pum /p L 2 by «<--from Boarlers Condenser| | la nf ) In] Coe Tarbyne| | TL Feed Pump FIG..5 where it joined up with the first por- tion, whence it was pumped back into the boiler, passing through the pre- heater on its way. Leakage from Transformer As previously explained, leakage from the transformer fell into the trans- former tank, and was pumped back by Connected to this circuit was circuit 3, which obtained water from compartment 1 of the hotwell, which was mixed in the pump with 2 and thence flowed back along 3 into com- partment 2 of the hotwell. The tem- perature of 2 could thus be regulated by the amount of water allowed to pass through 3, and the heat produced in the transformer was carried to com- partment 2 of the hotwell, thence to the boiler. The whole, or any part of the feed water, could be passed through circuit 3, and the temperature of the transformer depended on the amount. thus diverted. To prevent any interruption in the feed water the circulation in 3 had to be rapid, and it was also necessary to keep the height of the water in the transformer tank at a practically con- stant level. A ball valve would have been unsatisfactory as a method of regulating the flow in circuit 3, and, moreover, the level in the tank varied, depending on whether the transformer was working ahead or astern, or was neutral. The method adopted consists of an ejector, worked by the pump dis- charge, and producing a vacuum = so soon as its suction pipe was closed by the level of the water in the trans- former tank rising to the level of the mouth of this pipe. A valve normally held open by a spring was closed by the vacuum so produced and throttled the openings of which were arranged for the levels required for astern, ahead and neutral positions, and they were put into circuit by the manceuvring lever on, the. starting platform. This arrangement was found to act perfectly, the water being maintained within 15 mm., representing 80 litres of. water. The circulation of water or steam in the various pipes was as follows--Pipe 1, 8.33 litres per second; pipes 1 and la, 9.73 litres per second. In both transformers there was a circulation of 3616 litres per second, which was not seen, but circuit 2, carrying the leak water, had a circulation of 36 litres per second. Increase in Temperature Inasmuch as the loss in both trans- formers was 720 horsepower, corre- sponding to 26.2 calories per second, the temperature of the leak water was in- creased by 3.5 degrees Cent., which was also the difference in temperature be- tween the transformer tank and _ the transformer itself. Calculations are given showing that the mean tempera- ture under these conditions of the transformer water is 71.1 degrees Cent., and it was found that at this tempera- ture the efficiencies improved. The increase of temperature of that portion of the feed which passed through the transformers gave a means of calculating the efficiency of the trans- former, as will be seen by the follow- ing:--Let the flow in circuit 1 be denoted by Q, and that in circuit la by g. Further, let ig be the heat per pound contained in the exhaust of the auxiliary engines and tg the tem- perature of the condense of this ex- haust steam, and let te and ts be tem- peratures of the feed before and after