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'November, 1918 ENSIGN ROBERT WEXLER Second in command of the "ship"' at Cleveland an' instructor in practical seamanship printed instructions which arranged his entire time on shipboard. An ex- ample of this outline is shown in the table on page 506. Each man is likewise compelled to take with him a set of standard volumes on_navi- gation and seamanship. On board ship the periods of work are split into watches, and the re- on the basic principle of "watch and watch" in the same' manner as the members of the crew. If four men are assigned to one vessel, two must stand the "forward" and two the 'after' watch, making. 12 hours of duty for each of the four men. The forward watch must stand duty from 6:15 to 12:15 morning and evening; the after watch from 12:15 to 6:15 morning and afternoon. The work- mg program of the cadets during Watch is left to the discretion of the Captain save that the cadet is compelled to study three hours, and take a three- hour trick at the wheel each day. _ Learning to Steer To familiarize the naval reservist with lookout duty, the importance of a cannot be overestimated to 'm due to the fact that they will * Junior officers at sea, they are Sationed as lookouts for approxi- 'ately three hours each night. Every tadet Must also master the art of 'eering in the two months during Which he is aboard a lake vessel, this 'being another of the necessary 'quirements of a junior officer at "a. An amusing incident is told about a watchman going up into the 'Dper pilot house to interview the Mate. Looking out: of a window he awed a long circular wake in her 'Sl€érn, 'I didn't know you changed your "Curse out here," he remarked. Change hell," rejoined the mate. servists are required to stand these THE MARINE REVIEW "We just gota new lot of jacks on board the boat and one of them is taking a trick at the wheel." Then in a much more gentle tone of voice he called down to the lower pilot house, "Hey, Jack, you're giving her too much port wheel. Steady her up and watch her close. Keep your eyes on the compass." While many of the cadets have considerable trouble in mastering the art of steering, others seem to pick it up readily, not only being able to 'hold a true course in the open lakes but apparently having little difficulty in keeping the cumbersome steamer to the narrow channels in the rivers when given the opportunity. Some of the cadets in fact become so skillful in steering that the captains of the boats - insist on their presence at the wheel when the vessel passes through locks or narrow channels. This speaks exceed- ingly well for.the naval reservists when it is considered that the slightest error on their part might prove disastrous, not only in beaching her but doing it in a place where all other boats might be blocked for an indefinite period and their precious cargoes shut off from their destinations. And yet this prof- ciency is acquired before the brief two months' training is completed. The booklet containing the course of instruction issued to the reservists emphasizes the importance of con- centrating attention on the 'note books. To quote from this booklet: "You will study during the three- hour period every day, taking up the required subjects and reporting on them in detail in your note book, to the end that an inspection of your notes will be sufficient to give the person inspecting an understanding of the extent of your knowledge of the subjects reported upon; and in this connection you are instructed to HARRY HARBOTTLE Ye in of the ore carrier D. G. Kerr--He is eer edrative of the lake captains who have "never tired of helping naval reservists over the dfMicult parts of their training - 507 make careful pen and ink sketches wherever' possible, and are advised that the notes and sketches will have the greatest weight of all considera- tions leading to the selection of the men. for the school at Pelham Bay, and. you will be governed accord- ingly." | "When They Study The favorite study periods of the 'day are those from 9 o'clock till 12 o'clock in the morning and from 3 o'clock till 6 o'clock in the afternoon. ENSIGN W. G. WOOD To whom has been entrusted the responsibility of keeping track of the men assigned to the lakes. With the importance of having a good note book impressed on their minds so thoroughly it is needless to state that the reservists not only take full ad- vantage of the time allowed for study but they devote a considerable portion of their off watches, that is, their rest periods to them as well. Thé draw- ings in particular make huge inroads on their time, for while the booklet of instructions calls only for pen and ink sketches the training in mechanical drawing which most of the men have received in college makes them consid- erably more precise about their prod- ucts than they would ordinarily be. Again many artists have been recruited in the ranks of the naval auxiliary re- serve and naturally turn out such beau- tiful drawings and sketches that most of the other men strive to emulate them, fearing that their own handicraft will suffer by comparison. This is an entirely erroneous impression, for the drawings are graded on their practical merit and dccuracy, not on their ar- tistic value. In the outline for note books repro- duced on page 506 of this article, the first topic, "General Construction of the Ship," is probably the most im- portant of.the entire group. It enables the reservist to gain a basic idea of the