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May, 1919 during the war and it proves con- clusively that it is possible to. build large craft on the Great Lakes for deep-water service. Great Lakes Ice Report Reports from the regular and display stations of the weather bureau and the meteorological service of Canada _ indi- cate that the ice has practically disap- peared from Lake: Superior. some left in the harbor at Duluth, but this is disappearing steadily. No ice fields were reported visible in Lake Su- perior from Duluth east to Whitefish point. There are some few. broken fields in the lower end of Whitefish bay. In St. Marys river the ice ranges from 12 inches at Sault Ste. Marie to 10. inches ins (Mud= lake: and. about the same above Pipe island at Detour. It is reported that there would not be much difficulty in forcing a_ passage, if necessary, through this ice. In Green bay there are many open spaces of water showing and the ice is softening and breaking. No ice was reported in Lake Michigan and the straits of Mackinaw are open. In Lake Huron no ice fields were reported from any section of the lake. Ice continues in Georgian bay. The. ice has: run. out of: Lake 'St... Clair: No ice fields were reported in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario is reported free of ice, the last to be reported was that which run out of Kingston harbor. In comparison with the 12-year period there is 7 inches less ice at Duluth, 8 'inches less at 'Sault Ste. Marie; 16 inches less at the straits, they being open, and 7 inches less at Escanaba. There are practically only two bar-_ the: St 1 riers of ice for navigation, There is_ THE MARINE REVIEW Marys river and the entrance to Es- canaba, neither of which offer serious difficulty. There is less ice in all the lakes at this period than reported at the same period last season. In consequence of the small amount of ice reported in the lakes at. this time, and that navigation will probably not be generally resumed until some time later, this will be last ice report for the present season. New Shipping Capital During the first quarter of 1919, the following companies have been incor- porated to engage in shipping activities: JANUARY, 1919 AtlassShipping Corps oNe Vises. ee $100,000 American Shipping & Trading Co., Del... 100,000 Alabama Steamship Co., Ala........... 625,000 Emergency Towing Co., N. Y. (navigation, CECH ee eet ie eA SET oa oe 60,000 Export. Shipping, <Corp., -Del. 4... 22. - 2 200,000 Grahanre-Shipping Coy Ne ey ac oe ee 250,000 Harvey, Florence Co., The, Fla. (own and ODERAtC SHIPS) ee ee eA eas 100,000 International Steam Navigation Co., N. Y. 100,000 International Marine Salvage Corp., Del.. 5,000,000 Lakes & Oceanic Barge & Transit Co., Me. 100,000 New Bedford Dry Dock Co., Mass....... 200,000 Newark Ocean Transport Co., Del....... 250,000 North Eastern Shipbuilding Co., Me..... 100,000 New Berne Navigation Co., Del......... 50,000 Narelle Co., N. Y. (deal in barges, light- CIS, OONEN = Cralb ic. sec cs es ie oa sere 90,000 Progress-American Steamship Line, Ine., ; ING eee ee ee a re Sad he 100,000 Rossi: Navigation < Corps; "Delis e0568:06 635 100,000 TOU Oe ee OM Oa Pe Ge eee Fee $7,525,000 FEBRUARY, 1919 Azusa, Shipping Comp, Del. ean vase: $200,000 American: Baltic. Corp:,;. Del. 2s. nice 4,500,000 Canadian-Amer. Steamship Corp., N. Y. 100,000 Mildred Motorship Corp., N. Y......... 200,000 Svoboda Steamship Organization, Del..... 1,000,000 Standard Steamship Co, N. Y......... 100,000 Transfer, Schaefer & Koenigsberg, Inc., N. -- Y. (transportation and navigation).... 100,000 Veritas Shipping Corp., Del............ 200,000 TOC aie e cro ice a5 hashes ie ake ce mente $6,400,000 MARCH, 1919 Adams, Lovell, Burlingham, Inc., N. Y.. $101,000 259 American Blufriesveen, Inc., The, Del. : (shipping. business) 77 2.20, ee, 75,000 Advance' Navigation -Co., N.Y. , <0. a 50,000 Brooks Steamship Corp., Del........... 500,000 Bright' 'Navigation. €0.,.°NieY,...... 0. 50,000 Clinton' "Dry Docks;; Inc', N.Y... 7-2. 2,000,000 Delaware Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., : Deke esata care Mise oleic cee 1,000,000 France & West Indian Shipping Co., Del. 100,000 areat Western Transit Co., Del. (operate SHIPS) eae cee ewes ages ee ee 500,000 Great Lakes & Oceans Transportation Co., Dele ch iictiiaceiene union a 2 ee ee 2,000,000 Job Shipping. Corp, Delis... 3 600,000 Lincoln Steamship Line, Ine., Del...... 200,000 Nacirema Steamship Corp., Del.......... 500,000 Rational Steamship Lines, Ltd., N. Y. 100,000 Savannah Dry Dock & Repair Co., 'Del... 1,500,000 Toil Vivieee etc $9,276,000 The extent to which fuel oil will be used by the American merchant marine is indicated in specifications providing for the merchant marine fuel for 1919. The amounts that will be provided at the different ports are as follows: Boston, 1,000,000 barrels; New York, 5,000,000; Philadelphia, 2,000,000; Nor- folk, 2,500,000; gulf ports, 3,000,000; Panama, - 3,000,000 : Mexico, 6,000,000; San Francisco, 4,000,000; Los Angeles, 2,000,000; Puget sound ports, 3,000,000; Honolulu, 2,500,000. A new set of, rope schedules has recently 'been issued by the Whit- lock Cordage Co., New York, manu- facturer of manila cordage products. 'The schedules are devoted to the company's manila rope and consist of two tables which are conveniently arranged for ready reference. One table gives the sizes, both diameter and circumference; weights, in coils and per- 100 feet; lengths, for full coils and feet .in. 1 pound; and strengths, both breaking and work- ing, the latter being figured at about 20 per cent of the breaking strengths for efficiency in everyday service. Es FORWARD SECTION IN THE LOCKS--CLOSE CALCULATIONS WERE NECESSARY AS THE AMOUNT OF CLEARANCE BETWEEN THE VESSEL AND THE SIDES OF 'THE LOCK WAS LIMITED ih,