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526 "THE MARINE REVIEW TG FIG. 2--UNLOADER LEG plified and the control perfected to Such @ point that the machine is easily controlled and operated. The unloader consists of a main framework mounted on trucks which travel along the runway rails located approximately as shown in the pho- tograph,. lhe main framework ex- tends back beyond the rear runway Over a temporary storage pile where the ore can be discharged if desired. fis then picked up by the ore bridge and carried to the stockpile. Between the front and rear runways, Space is provided for railroad tracks where ore carrying cars are placed under the machines and loaded with ore for transportation to the furnace plants. _The girders of the main framework form a support for run- way rails, on which a trolley travels. This trolley supports a balanced walk- ing beam, from the outer, end of which a stiff bucket leg depends. At the lower end of this leg is the buck- et, which is operated by machinery lo- cated on the walking beam. All hori- _zontal movements of the bucket are accomplished by means of moving the trolley backward and forward on the girders. The vertical movements of the bucket are accomplished by the operation of the walking 'beam. The forward portion of the beam being out of balance, the bucket descends by gravity as soon as the brakes of the hoisting mechanism are released. Only two operators are required for the entire operation of one of these machines. One of the operators, whose station is in the bucket leg di- rectly over the bucket shells, controls AND BUCKET IN HOLD OF ORE CARRIER all of the motions of raising and low- eting the bucket, of 'traveling . the trolley back and forth, and moving the machine along the dock from one hatch to another. The second oper- ator is stationed in a cab on the larry and from this station he controls the movement of the larry, the operation of the larry gates, and the weighing oi the ore. Some idea of the capacities for un- loading by this method may be de- rived from a record which was made in Ashtabula, O., by eight machines September, 1920 of this type having a capacity of 15 tons each. They unloaded seven boats having a total capacity of 70,000 tons, in 22 hours actual time. At other points, four machines working in boats having capacities up to 13,000 tons each, have unloaded these cargoes jn about 3 hours and *25 minutes, Cleaning Up a Hold In addition. to the vertical move- ment, which is given to the bucket leg by means of the walking beam, it also has a motion of rotation around | its vertical axis. This motion is intro- duced to enable the machine to reach along the keel of the boat and clean up ore between -hatches, The dis tance from point to point of bucket shells when open is approximately 21 feet. About 97 per cent of the ore is removed from the boat without hand labor, Records of 50 machines in operation are said to indicate that this type of machine will handle ore at 2% to 4% cents per ton including all fixed charges, and records of as high as 783 tons of ore per hour per machine from tie-up to cast-off of boat have been made. The Lehigh ore unloader will be installed at the Claremont terminals, New York harbor, to handle Chilean and Cuban Ore. A~ cost of pig iron lower than that based on Minnesota ore is predicted due to economies ef- fected, A contract with the Western Mary- land railroad at Port Covington, Balti- more, covers a Wellman car dumper to handle 100-ton road cars. It is the 'FIG. 3--LIFTING TYPE CAR DUMPER LOADING COAL AT LAKE PORT