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278 Uraga Dockyard, Ishikawajima Dockyard and Harima Dockyard. Ship building mechanics number about 40,000, of whom the Mitsubishi Dockyard of Kobe and Nagasaki, and the Kawasaki Dock- yard employ 10,000 each, the Osaka im: Japan Iron Works 9,000, and the _ other dockyards the remaining 11,000. As a result of the extension of ship building plants, the demand for skilled hands has greatly increased, and, ac- cording to the Japanese newspapers, wages have increased by about 10 per THE MARINE REVIEW American Ship Building in Past 12 Months The bureau of navigation, department of commerce, reports 1,030 vessels of 347,847. gross tons were built in the United States and officially numbered during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1916, compared with 1,266 vessels of 215,711 gross tons during the fiscal year ended June 30, 1915. The seaboard yards have built 35 large steel merchant steamers aggregating 191,- 859 gross tons, the largest merchant steel America’s Two-Year Ship Building Record FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1916 Atlantic and : Western Gulf Pacific Great Lakes rivers Total Num- um- um- um- um- ber Gross ber Gross ber Gross ber. Gross’ ber Gross Wood: DATO: ah wicresatess 44 14,208 SOLON ch. sae ee Sule ayo OL087 Steam soo5 Gees 242 PLZ eA F2 8,426 82 1,350 98 1,898 594 18,781 Wnrigged’ ie... 159 49,053 77 ~=—«:10,054 20 3,060 29 677. 285 62,844 a Abe wietecesatans 445 70,368 252 20,359 102 4,410 127 2,575 926 97,712 etal: ai Steamecucie nd. 47 162,237 6 32,887 ° 23 48,079 10 2,009 86 245,212 Untitged 22.0. 5 2572 Fae Jo Qa 6 83°18 4,923 in pom eieeencets 52 164,960 6 32,887 30 50,196 16 2,092 104 250,135 otals: Sailings ea 44 14,208 3 1,879 srs Sieur ae eer 47 16,087 Bteam= 2s ese 289 169,344. 178 41,313 105 49,429 108 3,907 680 263,993 Unrigged:..¢.... $64 515776: 77: 105054). 27 3. 5,477.. 35 760 303 67,767 Grand total... 497 235,328 258 53 246 132 54,606 143 4,667 1,030 347,847 FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1915 Atlantic and : Western Gulf Pacific Great Lakes rivers Total Num- um- um- Num- Num- ber Gross ber Gross ber Gross ber Gross’ ber Gross Wood: Saini sci. acces 49 7,225 1 1658 ee ree ae tid 50 7,241 Plea ee eal 297 8,297 237 13,612 103 2,029 106 3,144 743 27,082 Unrigged ....... 205 51,515 101 4,187 35 3,727 14 194 355 59,623 Concrete ....... 565 a aise teen are 2 56 hee fede see eens D038, 07,602. °°339, 17,815.18" 55756. “120, 933338 1,150 94,511 etal: ‘ Marine i he te ivi 1 27 eikoe sies Sans if 27 Steams sates 35 98,332 8 16,833 17 4,458 8 762 68 120,385 Unrigged 3.2 ..2. 1. 283 1 434 1 34 4 37 7 788 Toit 37 98,642 9 17,267 18 4,492 12 799 76 121,200 Totals: Mating 856 es 50 i BER ee 16 ant Anes ae Dae 51 7,268 team ay vee 332 106,629 245 30,445 120 6,487 114 3,906 811 147,467 Unrigged 206 51,798 102 4,621 36 3,761 18 asl 362 60,411: Concrete. ss 2 565 A ene ee ete 2 565 Grand Total... 590 166,244 348 35,082 156 10,248 132 4,1371,266 215,711 cent, now averaging between 70 sen (about $0.349) and 75 sen (about $0.374) per day, and increased wages “may soon be demanded.” The new city pier at Stapleton, Staten Island, New York harbor, has been leased by R. Martens & Co., Inc., for 30 years at an annual rental of $42,000 for the first 10 years, and increasing ren- tals for each succeeding 10 years. The pier is 1,300 feet long and will accom- modate four average-sized cargo steam- ers. It has a depth of 30 feet on each side of the pier at mean low water. Like many other piers along the water- front, the Martens pier is piled high with freight awaiting shipment to Eu- rope. output in their history. steamers are each over 5,000 gross tons, the largest being H. H. Rocers of 10,050 gross tons, and 14 are between 3,000 and Of these, 21 5,000 gross tons each. The Newport News, Va., Ship Building & Dry Dock Co. built six of 40,329 gross, Maryland Steel Co., Sparrows Point, Md., eight of 35,665 gross, Union Iron Works, San Francisco, Cal., five of 32,665 gross, New York Ship Building Co., Camden, N. J., seven of 32,164 gross, and Fore River Ship Building Co., Quincy, Mass., four of 24,932 gross. The Newport News, Cam- den and Quincy yards were also engaged in naval construction. Of these steel ocean steamers, 24 of 138,858 gross tons have been registered for foreign trade, eight of 34,386 gross August, 1916 tons enrolled for the coasting trade, one, Paciric of 6,034 gross tons, was sold to Norwegians and up to June 30 the two remaining had not been documented. Of the output of the Great Lakes, eight vessels of 14,775 gross tons are each under 2,500 tons, built for the ocean trade of which four are for foreign trade and one Morris ApLER 2,481 gross, has been sold to Norwegians. The accompanying table shows the de- tailed statement according to material, power (gasoline included under steam) and place of construction for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1916, compared with the previous fiscal year. June Lake Levels The United States Lake Survey re- ports the stages of the Great Lakes for the month of June, 1916, as fol- lows: Feet above mean Lakes sea lev Superiore erie p rere ntele arenes 603.48 Michigan and Huron.......... 580.94 Ee es eee ae aa ceria a pare 573.26 Ontario ese ee os tobe base ease 247.86 Lake Superior is 0.48 foot higher than last month, 1.56 feet higher than a year ago, 1.28 feet above’ the aver- age stage of June of the last ten years, 0.05 foot above the high stage of June, 1876, and 2.24 feet above the low stage of June, 1879. During the last ten years the June level has averaged 0.3 foot higher than the May level and 0.2 foot lower than the July level. Lakes Michigan and Huron are 0.45 foot higher than last month, 1.15 feet higher than a year ago, 0.12 foot above the average stage of June of the last ten years, 2.66 feet below - the high stage of June, 1886, and 1.04 feet above the low stage of June, 1896. During the last ten years the June level has averaged 0.2 foot higher than the May level and about the same as the July level. Lake Erie is 0.39 foot higher than last month, 1.41 feet higher than a year ago, 0.41 foot above the average stage of June of the last ten years, 1.26 feet below the high stage of June, 1876, and 1.69 feet above the low stage of June, 1895. During the last ten years the June level has aver- aged 0.1 foot higher than the May level and 0.1 foot higher than the July level. Lake Ontario is 0.73 foot higher than last month, 2.74 feet higher than a year ago, 0.96 foot above the aver- age stage of June of the last ten years, 0.77 foot below the high stage of June, 1870, and 2.97 feet above the low stage of June, 1895. During the last ten years the June level has aver- aged 0.1 foot higher than the May level. and 0.1 foot higher than the July level.