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8 | THE MARINE REVIEW valve is opened when it is desired to maneuver or make a landing. The ahead turbine consists of five Curtis stages as stated above, the first or high-pressure stage carrying two rows of buckets and the remaining stages a single row of buckets. The buckets for each stage are mounted on a rolled steel plate wheel, into the periphery of which the buckets are dovetailed in a manner developed by the General Electric Co. and success- fully used for many years to meet the severe requirements of central station turbines. Steam enters each stage successively through nozzles carried in the diaphragms between each stage. The reversing turbine is of the same _ construction as the ahead turbine, with the exception that it consists of two stages only, of smaller diameter. The reversing turbine is capable of devel- oping two-thirds torque and _ two- thirds speed with the same steam flow taken by the ahead turbine under normal operating conditions. The nozzle capacity, however, is greater than that of the ahead turbine, so that the requirement of reversing power may be considerably exceeded under normal operating conditions. The reduction gears are of the hel- ical type and are arranged to give two speed reductions, the high-speed reduction ratio being 5.03 and the low- speed reduction ratio 7.75, making a FIG, 3 — EXTERNAL VIEW OF SUB- MERGED CARGO PUMP FIG. 2—DETAIL OF ROTARY OIL PUMP total reduction ratio of 39.1. The high speed or driving pinion meshes with the two gears, one on each side, the three shafts lying in a_ horizontal plane. The low-speed pinions are mounted on the same shaft as the high-speed gears. The adjustment is such that work is divided equally between the two low-speed pinions. Alquist Gears Used The high-speed gears which are built in accordance with the Alquist patents and consist of a number of rolled steel plates, each 1 inch thick and thinned out near the center in order to give a certain degree of flexibility, thus insuring equal distribution of the work through the total face of the teeth. This construction has been found not only to give smoothness and lack of noise in operation, but has also resulted in a great reduction in the wear of the gears and pinions. Slip couplings are provided between the high-speed gears and low-speed pinions in order to prevent any move- ment of the main thrust shaft being transmitted to the turbine. The turbine bearings and gears are supplied with oil under pressure of about 10 pounds. The oil is circulated by means of steam pumps which take oil from the main tank, where it is first forced through a strainer and then through a cooler before being delivered to the turbine bearings and the spray nozzles delivering oil to the gears. Oil is also supplied under pressure to the various bearings of the gears and pinions. The complete weight of the turbine and reduction gear, including all parts for the throt- tle valve and thrust shaft coupling, is about 110,000 pounds. The electric cargo pumping system is the result of much labor and study on the part of O. B. Kibele, general superintendent of transportation of the Union Oil Co. of California, who, with the assistance of the San Fran- January, 1917 cisco office of the General Electric Co., perfected all of the details. The installation consists of 22 4-inch rotary pumps, built by the Union Tool Co., Torrance, Cal. They are de- signed especially for handling highly viscous oils, molasses and creosote, and are also fitted with a steam jacket for handling asphaltum. Each pump can deliver 350 gallons per minute against a total head of 350 feet at 200 revolutions per minute. The pumps are secured in the bottom of each compartment of the vessel, port and starboard to brackets that are in- tegral with the tanks, and are driven by 40-horsepower, 3-phase, 60-cycle, 220-volt motors. The discharge lines for the three small tanks forward have nine 4-inch discharge gates, while the separate discharge lines for the remain- ing tanks have 14 6-inch discharge gates. The motors are located on the upper deck in a watertight and gas proof casing. The drive to the pumps is through a set of bevel reduction gears and a vertical shaft which transmits the power through flexible couplings to the pumps. The shaft is entirely enclosed in a casing which serves as an oil reservoir, so that all of the shaft bearings and the pump gears are operated in an oil bath. The pumps are each fitted with en- closed carbonized spiral gears, top aii TA wh dst & @ 8 & ANT a FIG. 4—-CARGO PUMP WITH GEARS EXPOSED