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438 TILE MARINE REVIEW Seventy-one per cent of the entire system is in canalized rivers or lakes. The importance of this lies in the fact that boats can proceed at the highest power of which their engines are capable through such canalized sections, instead of the usual 6 or 8 miles an hour. The new canal is not an enlargement of the old canals. New routes have been followed and much of the original canal has been abandoned. At Rochester, for instance, the canal no longer passes through the city, but curves. to the south and_ will be connected by a spur. As..the catial trafic develops, Rochester will grow toward this route. Another mistaken impression is that the barge canal is op- posed by the rail- roads. Nothing could be further from the real situation. The railroads at the pres- ent time are short of cars—the depart- ment of commerce at Washington said, in June last, that the shortage was at least 100;000 carss Vet. the full pressure has not fallen upon them. This is fully appre- ciated by the rail- roads. Ps recently as June 20, 1917, the chairman of the ex- ecutive committee of the American Railway association informed the’ chief of engi- neers, United States of America, that the railroads will wel- come any practicable water transportation and are prepared to co-operate cordially with responsible persons or corporations who may provide such water transportation, by the exchange of traffic, the issuance of joint through bills of lading, and, if necessary, where conditions justify it, by joining the water carriers in the building of tracks to connect the railroads with the wharves and landings of water carriers. : As mentioned above, the barge canal system includes four canals. They are the Erie, which stretches across Power-driven barge, operated on the Regents canal, England, by Coggins & Arthur, of Birmingham, for carrying coal. This boat, with tow barge, has a capacity of 50 tons. Power plant is a 17-horsepower Sterling, mounted on top of the cabin December, 1917 the state 350 miles from Lake Erie at Buffalo to the Hudson river; the Champlain, extending northward from the eastern end of the Erie canal, at the Hudson river at Waterford, to the southern end of Lake Champlain, 61 miles distant; the Oswego canal, 23 miles long, flowing northward from Three Rivers at the confluence of the Seneca and Oneida rivers, which unite in the Oswego river. This canal connects with Lake Ontario. The Cayuga and Seneca canal flows southward from the Erie, near Geneva, or to be ex- act at Montezuma, and extends south to Cayuga lake), and southwest to Seneca lake. A spur at the southern end of Ca- yuga lake makes Ith- aca, Nu Vooca scanal port, while the spur at the southern end of Seneca lake ex- tends to Montour Falis.: -The total length of the Cayuga and Seneca canal is 100- miles. In addition to the 440 miles of con- struction there are 350 miles of inter- vening lakes or ad- joining rivers, or a waterway system of barge canal size 790 miles in length. Dredging the chan- nels and canalizing lakes and rivers has been’ only: a part: of the immense engi- neering feat accom- plished in the con- struction of the new barge canal system. Numerous locks, res- ervoirs, dams, and other structures, many of them larger than those at Panama, had to be provided. TERMINALS IN ALL CiIrTIkEs Next in importance to the canal itself will be the providing of adequate terminal facilities. Pleasing progress has been made this season in construction of the new terminals at the Buffalo end of the canal, and with their completion.the work of constructing loading and unloading platforms of concrete with freight handling devices and transfer sheds will be practically