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September, 1926 ALTERNATIVE INLETS FOR OILY MIXTURE OIL OUTLET WATER OUTLET DS MIXTURE INLET. WATER OUTLE Frio, 6.—Sir James McKecunte’s Patent oF 1923. The persistence of the oil film due to the fact that there is nothing ‘in sea water to dissolve or disintegrate it causes it to accumulate continually, and, although this may be a less evil, that which washes up on the beaches forms with the sand an objectionable mixture which constitutes all the more a nuisance because it is often not ap- parent until revealed by the clothes and limbs of holidaymakers. More serious aspects are the trouble eaused to authorities responsible for the upkeep of quays, docks, piers and OIL WITHDRAWAL AND INSPECTION COCKS MIXTURE INLET o WATER WEIR ¢ LEVEL ADJUSTMENT is WATER OUTLET Fie. 7.—Tue “Conpuir” Separator. R. C. KNIGHT ann H. D. Smiru’s Parest oF 1923. MARINE REVIEW WATER OUTLET DRAIN OUTLETS Fia. 5.—J. H. Patmer’s Patent or 1921. promenades, and the dangerous fires which may be caused on enclosed wa- ters. All these troubles arise from the loss and waste of what in its right place is a valuable substance, the ex- haustion of which is a grave danger to the world. Dealing With Oil Pollution Measures taken to restrict oil pol- lution date from the “oil in navigable waters act” of 1922, by which the dis- charge of oil in British territorial wa- ters was prohibited under penalty of heavy fines. The United States gov- ernment made a similar enactment in 1924, j Reports from _ local authorities around the British coast published in a white paper of May 1925, indicate MIXTURE INLET OIL WEIR LEVEL ADJUSTMENT WATER OUTLET OIL OUTLET HEATING COILS OMITTED TO AVOID CONFUSION Pic. 8.—Tur “Rocker” Separator. H. M. ALEXANDER’S Patent or 1923. HEATING COILS OMITTED TO AVOID CONFUSION MIXTURE INLET OIL WEIRS — Oe LEVEL ADJUSTABLE i | | pe ae Oe, Oj\L OUTLET Fic. 9.—Tue “ Wuire-Comyn ”’ Separator. B. J). Comyn AaNpD W. A. Wurrte’s Parent or. 1923. that while the enforcement of the act appears to have reduced pollu- tion in a few localities, conditions, on the whole, remain unsatisfactory. A great deal of oily ballast water is now pumped out just beyond the three- mile limit, and still reaches the coasts, while oil discharged even farther away remains a floating menace to bird and fish life until the action of wind and tide brings it to some unlucky shore. The prevention of the pumping of oil into territorial waters (or even wider limits) appears, therefore, to afford very little restriction of pollu- tion; and the obvious conclusion is that pollution will only cease when the dis- charge of oil is absolutely prevented. An International conference on oil (Continued on Page 44) ve MIXTURE (INLET WATER WEIR LEVEL ADJUSTMENT WATER OUTLET Fic. 10.—Tue “ Fisner ” Separator.