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40 Electric Auxiliaries (Continued from Page 19) in engine room auxiliary electrifica- tion do not differ materially from an electrical point of view from those encountered in land practice. Prac- tically all auxiliaries used on a ship are of a simple mechanical nature and MARINE REVIEW quired against moisture, splashing of water or oil and mechanical injury, is dependent upon the location of the apparatus in the ship and the specific duty and type of auxiliary to which the motor is attached. The latest developments in motor construction for this type of service meet all the requirements in any de- 30-HORSEPOWER SHUNT ENCLOSED VENTILATED MARINE TYPE MOTOR FOR UNDER-DECK do not involve any particular diffi- culties. The auxiliaries include such items as pumps, both centrifugal and plunger types, blowers, compressors, hydraulic steering gears, galley and machine shop appliances. The main differences in the mechanical struc- ture of the motors for marine and land service lie in the protective fea- tures. The degree of protection re- AUXILIARIES gree desired. A view of a drip-proof motor of the fully protected type is shown in an accompanying illustra- tion. The covers are of sheet metal construction, the top half solid and the bottom half perforated. These covers are easily detached for inspec- tion of the interior of the motor. An- other type of motor is the enclosed ventilated drip-proof type, as shown December, 1926 in an accompanying illustration. This type of motor is provided with an in- ternal fan and cast-iron protecting covers which are furnished with hand- hole covers fitted with gaskets. Mo- tors of this type differ in degree of refinement from the drip-proof fully protected type, but not necessarily in application. Due to the inclusion of a fan, however, and the internal ven- tilating characteristics, the motor may be somewhat smaller for the same duty. An involute on the pulley end allows for a pipe connection to be made, in case it is desired to draw the ventilating air from a _ source away from the motor. Controls for Underdeck Auxiliaries The standard line of control equip- ment, for engine room auxiliaries, consists of the manually operated, heavy duty starting rheostats of the dial type, and also starters of the. magnetic type. The application of either type of control is extended to practically all starting duty aboard a vessel, and preference of one type over the other is a matter of the de- gree of refinement desired by the shipowner, the extent to which he wishes to protect the equipment from the harm that might come from inex- perienced operators handling’ the equipment, and also the degree to which smooth acceleration, free from mechanical shock, is desired on ac- count of the nature of the equipment to which the motor is attached. The magnetic type of control, for various reasons, is coming into rapid favor, as it allows for remote control as well as undervoltage release fea- tures, if desired. The master switch, which operates the magnetic control panels, may be mounted in any con- venient location, that is, on deck, un- der deck or directly on the motor. Shipbuilders Support Pepper Bill DEFINITE plan to aid in the A building up of the American merchant marine was -sub- mitted to the United States shipping board on Nov. 23, by spokesmen for the shipbuilding industry. The oc- casion was the final hearing in the series of conferences which have been held throughout the country in ac- cordance with the provisions of the Jones’ resolution adopted by the senate requesting the shipping board to re- port comprehensive and concrete plans for building up and maintaining an adequate merchant marine for com- merce and national security. The proposal of the ship builders was in substance the bill offered in the last session by Senator Pepper of Pennsylvania. The _ shipbuilders want the tariff policy of the nation extended to American ships in for- eign trade by rebating to the ship owner that portion of the initial cost of the vessel represented by the tariff element. By offsetting the dif- ference in the American ship owner’s initial outlay with all that this means in higher interest, despreciation and insurance charges, it is claimed that the most serious of the obstacles in maritime competition would be partially removed and compensated for. Ships to come under the provision of the proposed law would -have to be constructed according to plans and specifications agreed upon between the owners and the shipping board, with particular reference to their availability for use by the govern- ment in time of war, and these ships would have to exclusively engage in foreign trade. H. G. Smith, vice president of the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corp., one of the speakers before the committee emphasized the seriousness to the na- tion’s safety of the depletion of the