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increase cargo handling costs above a proper figure have been largely corrected on many terminals by the supervisory members of the organiza- tion. The most important principle applied is that all men are human, and must be treated accordingly. One line at Baltimore increased tons per hatch per hour 75 per cent by improved supervision alone. One of the most important factors was the change in the selection of the men in the gangs. ; Making Hatches Ready Quickly The great amount of handling caused by the numerous hatch covers and the heavy strongbacks which must be moved frequently in loading and discharging is usually accepted with- out complaint. This is a wasteful operation and one that investigation shows can be improved. The most recent development in this regard is the T and D method of handling strongbacks which was adopted in the new Prince line ships for the South American trade. The strongbacks are fitted at the ends with rollers which roll along a track fitted near the upper edge of the coamings on the upper deck hatches. On the ’tween- deck hatches the deck plating itself, boarded by the usual bulb coaming set back, forms the necessary track for the rollers. When “the hatch is uncovered the strongbacks are simply transferred to one end of the hatch, where they are accommodated in a recess provided. This recess is so AUULDUUINUUUUENY IVT A Broken Ladder — Conditions Such as This Are Inexcusable NTVASITUUNUT LIAS VUTTT SHH arranged that the strongbacks are clear of the hatch opening proper. The saving in stevedoring costs and ship’s time repays within a short time the very moderate outlay necessary to equip hatches in this manner. The elementary principles of safe operation can be applied any place TNUDUANUUTNAUYUITVTTTHT TT Tractor and Trailer Equipped with Automatic Coupler AUDDNNYYIVONNTNUGTHINTHHH whether it be a terminal handling big transatlantic liners or a Chesa- peake bay terminal handling small side port ships. Cluttered up decks, broken hatch covers, weakened falls and elevator hoists, throwing dunnage into holds, all these increase insurance premiums above a reasonable amount. It has been proved that excessive in- surance costs can be reduced in any industry by proper supervision. One characteristic of many well managed shore industries is a wage incentive plan. Some state that these plans cannot be adopted in pier work, They cannot be adopted in their en- tirety but unquestionably a wage in- centive plan can be adapted to cer- tain operations. The article entitled “Where Mechanical Equipment Cuts Costs,” in the May issue of Maring REVIEW, describes the working of a bonus plan in connection with electric trucks. Why Not Learn from Others? Often the trouble is not that con- ditions are different but that the man in charge of a terminal is not suffi- ciently acquainted with what other terminals are doing, due to pressure of current duties and fault of man- agement in the way of not provid- ing the proper incentives for putting forth the best efforts. “My conditions are different” is only worthy of consideration when in accord with the facts. The facts are that differences in conditions do not excuse a failure to learn from the experiences of others. One of the chief characteristics of modern American management is 4 realization that no one has a monopoly on brain power and experience. ern American management believes that we ean all profit from each others experience and that a test of the efficiency of management is a willingness to profit from the ex- perience of others. A New Type of Merchandising Terminal ‘Te Canada Steamship lines opened its new general merchan- dise terminal at Hamilton, Ont., with the opening of navigation on the lakes. The layout of this terminal is of particular interest. The shed is in the form of a U, with a covered driveway between the two sides. The 52 shed area available for storage and trucking of cargo totals 82,625 square feet, exclusive of the space in the driveway. Space is available for future expansion of the floor area to 202,000 square feet. The shed is 488 feet and 6 inches long and 80 feet wide on the east MARINE REVIEW—June, 1930 side and 73 feet 8 inches wide on the west side, measured to the inner points on the saw toothed loading and unloading platform along the drive- way. The shed is of steel truss construc- tion with trusses having a clear span (Continued on Page 66) Mod- | | § 7 § ; \