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Modern Steam PRESSURE POUNDS PER SQ. IN. TEMPERATURE DEGREES Fahrenheit FUEL RATE £8. O/L PER 5. HP PER HOUR Higher Pressure Higher Temperature Lower Fuel Cost THE tabulation above illustrates the approximate relation existing between pressure, temperature, and fuel rate. The lower shaded section of the scale is plotted directly from operating records of ships in service, while the upper section is based on pressures, temperatures, and equipment used in the stationary field but adapted to marine use. The advantages of Modern Steam and Old Steam are clear and striking. With Modern Steam the fuel rate is low and the reduction in fuel cost is large. For example, from 200 to 400 pounds, there is a reduction of 33%% in fuel rate .. . and in fuel cost. Such a large saving in operating cost is not only important, but should command the interest of every naval architect, owner, and operator. The chart also shows the possibilities for still greater econo- mies through the use of steam at even higher pressures and temperatures . . . higher than those adopted for marine service up to the present time. No recognized propulsion system holds such truly remarkable possibilities for further savings. A recent report of the American Bureau of Ship- ping states that for all ships of 2,000 horsepower or over built during the past two years, more than 89% of the total power is steam. The American Marine Industry thinks clearly and leads the world in the recognition and in the adoption of true financial economy through the use of Modern Steam. THE BABCOCK &WILCOX 85 LIBERTY ST. COMPANY M-35 MARINE REvIEw—April, 1931 53